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Exploring the Spatial Pattern of Urban Heat Island Formation in Relation to Land Transformation: A Study on the Paschim Barddhaman District of West Bengal
Published in Uday Chatterjee, Arindam Biswas, Jenia Mukherjee, Sushobhan Majumdar, Advances in Urbanism, Smart Cities, and Sustainability, 2022
Soumen Chatterjee, Sujit Das, Krishnendu Gupta
The Paschim Bardhhaman district of West Bengal lays on the western part of the Rarh plateau covers an area of 1603.17 sq. km. It lies between 23 °31/ 27.295// N and 23 °50/ 2.38// N latitudes and 86 °48/ 0.33// E and 87 °28/ 32.094// E longitude. Paschim Bardhhaman comprises two subdivisions i.e., Asansol Sadar subdivision and Durgapur subdivision, and eight (8) community development (CD) blocks (Figure 2.1). This district is known for coal mining (Raniganj: India's first coal mining) and industrial hub in the Rarh Bengal. Indian Iron and Steel Company (Burnpur), Chittaranjan Locomotive Works, Burn Standard (Asansol), Durgapur Steel Plant, and other industrial units function in the study area. The topography of the study area is undulating rocky pediments in the western parts, which is the extension of Chotanagpur plateau region, and alluvial plain (older and newer) in the eastern parts. The regional slope is from the northwestern parts to the southeastern parts.
Sustainable Mining and Closure Policy Regulations and Practice: A Case Study of Coal Mining in Meghalaya
Published in K. M. Baharul Islam, Zafar Mahfooz Nomani, Environment Impact Assessment, 2021
From the perspective of the present work it would be necessary to highlight specific legal framework relating to coal mining in India, in addition to general legal framework for mining. In this regard the most important is The Coal Mine (Nationalisation) Act, 1973, which deals with acquisition and transfer of the right, title and interest of the owners in respect of coal mines specified in the schedule to the Act, with a view to re-organising and re-constructing such coal mines so as to ensure rational co-ordinated and scientific development and utilization of Coal resources consistent with the growing requirement of the country, in order that the ownership and control of such resources are vested in the State and thereby so distributed as best to sub-serve the common good. In addition The Coal Bearing Areas (Acquisition and Development) Act, 1957; Coal Mines (Conservation and Development) Act, 1974; Coal Mines (Conservation and Development) Rules, 1975; The Colliery Control Rules, 2004; The Coal Mines (Special Provisions) Act, 2015; The Coal Mines (Special Provisions) Rules, 2014; The Auction by Competitive Bidding of Coal Mines Rules, 2012 also regulates the coal mining sector in the country.
Coal-Based Environmental Problems in a Low-Rainfall Tropical Region
Published in Robert F. Keefer, Kenneth S. Sajwan, Trace Elements in Coal and Coal Combustion Residues, 2020
M. Agrawal, J. Singh, A. K. Jha, J. S. Singh
Coal mining in India started in the year 1774 in the Raniganj coalfield, and by the year 1830 several additional mines had developed in that area. By the end of the 19th century, coal mining had started in Assam, Singreni, Warda Valley, Jharia, and central India. Systematic work in coal mines received a boost following nationalization of mines in 1971 and 1973. The total coal production for India during 1989–1990 was 226 million metric tons. Open-cast coal mining contributed about 56% of the current coal production and will contribute about 60% by 2000 A.D. Coal India Ltd. has projected a total land requirement for coal mining of 116,691.60 ha by 1994–1995, of which 31.18% is presently forest land. In China, the area of land disturbed by mining is about 2 million ha and the rate of land degradation due to mining is 2000 ha/year; by the end of the century this rate will exceed 33,000 ha/year.6
Toxic and carcinogenic effects of hexavalent chromium in mammalian cells in vivo and in vitro: a recent update
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C, 2022
Shehnaz Islam, Sreejata Kamila, Ansuman Chattopadhyay
India ranked second (19%) after South Africa (40%) in global chromite production. Almost 98% of the total Indian production comes from a single state, Odisha.6 The mining sector in India employs about 5,60,000, people.15 These workers are regularly exposed to the dust of various potential heavy metals, including Cr, mainly through inhalation and dermal exposure.15 Elevated concentration of Cr (VI) is reported to have adversely affected the health of more than 200,000 mine workers and inhabitants residing in the Sukinda chromite mine of Odisha, India.6 People are frequently exposed to this toxic waste compound and suffer from several chronic diseases as a result of chromite mining. The situation points to a tragic gap in the availability of scientific studies and data on the health hazards of chromite mining in India.
Groundwater governance under climate change in India: lessons based on evaluation of World Bank interventions
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2023
Bekele A. Shiferaw, V. Ratna Reddy, Bharat Sharma
The concern over groundwater depletion and inefficient water use from groundwater mining in India was recognized since 2005. However, the World Bank’s country strategy (2005–08) did not propose any specific programmes or strategies to tackle the depletion challenge. The subsequent country strategy (2009–12) (World Bank, 2010) proposed solutions through the World Bank’s support for irrigation, water supply, energy, transport and water resources. This paved the way for various analytics to investigate the groundwater governance challenges in the country. It proposed some actions intended to make incremental improvements to curb the worsening depletion problem within the context of the existing institutional framework (World Bank, 2010).2
Direct production of Fe-Cr-Ni-Mn crude alloy from the mine waste by arc smelting process
Published in Indian Chemical Engineer, 2022
P. V. S. Nikhil, A. K. Chaubey, P. Rajput, M. Madan, B. Bhoi
The raw material used was primarily mine waste/ low-grade ores/ fines such as COB – JSL Mines, Sukinda, India, Cr ore fines – Tata steel, Sukinda Mining area, India, and LG-Mn ore – Shree Narayani Mines, India. The chemical composition of the primary raw materials was given in Table 1. Coke was used to reduce the metal oxides such as Fe2O3, Cr2O3, MnO2, and NiO, etc. and CaO was used as a flux to alter the basicity.