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Fracturing Chronology: Milestones of the Hydraulic Fracturing Process
Published in Ahmed Alzahabi, Mohamed Y. Soliman, Optimization of Hydraulic Fracture Stages and Sequencing in Unconventional Formations, 2018
Ahmed Alzahabi, Mohamed Y. Soliman
The concept of intentionally breaking down an oil or gas formation using injected fluid to use pressure upon and crack open the rock and then placing solids to keep that crack open was being discussed among engineers with Stanolind Oil Co. before 1947. However, it was not until early that year that they approached Halliburton Oil Well Cementing Company (HOWCO) at their main offices in Duncan, Oklahoma, with the prospect of signing a secrecy agreement and helping them develop a new concept in well stimulation. Working together, in June of 1947, the first field attempt was staged on one of their wells, the Klegger #1, in Grant Co., a Hugoton formation gas completion in southwest Kansas. At first, the treatment seemed to have failed; however, as there was disagreement as to the need to add a chemical breaker to the 1000 gallons of gelled gasoline carrying approximately 100 pounds of quartz sand, none was added. After approximately a week and some injection of fluid with a breaker chemical, the gel apparently had thinned sufficiently to allow the start of gas production, and they ultimately saw a moderately successful stimulation result.
Properties of alkali-activated slag cement pastes and mortars
Published in Caijun Shi, Pavel V. Krivenko, Della Roy, Alkali-Activated Cements and Concretes, 2003
Caijun Shi, Pavel V. Krivenko, Della Roy
For oil or geothermal well cementing, or radioactive waste treatment applications, the hydrated cement may have to undergo high temperatures. Thus, it is very important that the hydrated cement used exhibits stable hydration products and structure. Figure 5.15 shows the strength development of alkali-activated phosphorus slag, alkali-activated blast furnace slag and portland cement pastes (Shi et al. 1991b). The strengths of alkali-activated phosphorus slag and alkali-activated blast furnace slag cement pastes show a plateau after one day, then increase slightly with time. The strength of portland cement pastes reaches the maximum value at one day,
Development of cement composition with enhanced properties with the addition of microsilica
Published in Vladimir Litvinenko, Youth technical sessions proceedings, 2019
The results of well cementing at the deposits in the Far North, where complex environment contribute to an increase in water separation in the cementing slurry, show that the use of traditional materials does not ensure the proper quality of well casing. (Samsonenko et al. 2014) Figure 1 shows the results of geophysical studies of the quality of adhesion of the described cementing technology with the casing string. Portland cement TsTRS-50 (AWP) was used for cementing - cement-based expanding stabilized cement with reinforcing additives and lightweight cement oil CTTR cement (Leusheva & Morenov 2017, Morenov & Leusheva 2017). The diagram in Figure 1 shows the continuous contact of cement with a column is only 2 %.
Adsorption of carboxyl-containing monomers on C3S: a first-principle study
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2023
Shiming Zhou, Xia Miao, Chunyu Wang
Well cementing involves the injection of cement paste into the annulus of a wellbore between the casing and the formation to support the casing and borehole and seal distinct formations (Liu et al. 2016, Peng et al. 2018). In cement pastes, retarders are usually employed to increase the thickening time and assure the pumpability (Guo et al. 2014, Liu, Sanjayan, and Bu 2017, Bu et al. 2021, Zhang et al. 2021).Bearden unit of consistency (Bc), which is a measure of viscosity, describes the pumpability of a cement paste (Scherer, Funkhouser, and Peethamparan 2010). Commonly used retarders include lignosulfonates (Bassioni and Ali 2013), hydroxycarboxylic acids (Guo et al. 2017, Tiemeyer and Plank 2012, Zhang et al. 2016), saccharide compounds, cellulose derivatives (Moreira et al. 2018), organophosphonates (Qi, Zhu, and Cao 2013), etc. Every year, about 80,000 tons of lignosulfonates are used in the construction of oil wells around the world.