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Clinker grinding and cement making
Published in Anjan Kumar Chatterjee, Cement Production Technology, 2018
In addition to the high-pressure grinding rolls, the vertical roller mill, as already stated, has also become established in recent years, particularly for grinding blast furnace slag for making Portland slag cement. In VRM the mill feed is comminuted by pressure and friction between a rotating grinding table and two to four grinding rolls pressed hydraulically down on it. The horizontal roller mill has also recently come into use; this has a lining on the grinding zone against which a grinding roller is pressed hydraulically. Roller mills can also achieve energy savings of up to 35%.
Modelling of pilot scale vertical roller mill operated in overflow mode
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2021
Vertical roller mills are widely used in cement production such as grinding of coal, cement raw materials, clinker and also minerals like bauxite, phosphate, magnesite. Control and optimisation of the vertical roller mill systems are gaining importance with its widespread application. Consequently, operational principles and their effects should be assessed in details. Conducting modelling and simulation studies is one of the ways of improving the overall efficiency of the circuits. Initially, relationships between the operational parameters and the model parameters should be developed. Different model structures have been proposed to be applied in modelling the vertical roller mill system. A number of these models were based on theoretical and empirical advances. Among them, empirical models have limited capabilities in simulating the adjusted conditions. Also, approaches were developed based on cement and coal grinding data. Modelling studies that were supported by industrial scale data are limited in the literature.
A Technical and Economic Comparison of Ball Mill Limestone Comminution with a Vertical Roller Mill
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2022
Cara Swart, Jeremy M. Gaylard, M. Mulenga Bwalya
The vertical roller mill (VRM) is used predominantly in the dry grinding of coal, cement raw materials and industrial minerals, as well as mineral ores. In the cement industry, where comminution utilizes more than 65% of total electrical energy consumption, vertical roller mills are used in 90% of all new plants for raw material grinding (Stoiber 2002). The VRM also applies breakage by compression to achieve size reduction of the mill feed and has a high internal circulating load. The material bed is compacted between fixed grinding rollers and a rotating horizontal grinding table, as illustrated in Figure 1.