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3D printing for sustainable construction
Published in Paulo Jorge da Silva Bartolo, Fernando Moreira da Silva, Shaden Jaradat, Helena Bartolo, Industry 4.0 – Shaping The Future of The Digital World, 2020
Y.W.D. Tay, B.N. Panda, G.H.A. Ting, N.M.N. Ahamed, M.J. Tan, C.K. Chua
Dampening the sound surrounding the building or within the premises can improve the comfort of the user. Using passive designs can reduce the need for additional material for soundproofing. Figure 6 shows an element that was designed to enhance the soundproofing capability of a wall (Gosselin et al. 2016). The generic elements were stacked together to form a complete wall. The geometries of the holes dampen the acoustic waves passing through.
Basic Acoustics…How to Make Your Recording Space Sound Better
Published in Timothy A. Dittmar, Audio Engineering 101, 2013
Soundproofing involves completely isolating sound so it does not escape the room. It is much more difficult and expensive to soundproof after a room has been built versus preplanning and building the room from the ground up. Air space is a great way to soundproof. Building a room within a room and leaving a small space between the new walls and the original wall will be very effective in isolating sound. Believe it or not, a little air space between layers is good for isolation because it helps slow the sound's momentum.
Implementation and evaluation of ASHRAE’s acoustic Performance Measurement Protocols
Published in Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 2019
Gabrielle McMorrow, Liping Wang
Finally, sound isolation was measured for many different partition scenarios and utilizes many different standards. Many of these standards have different output metrics for benchmarking results, which make it difficult to compare different scenario results to each other. For example, wall measurements in the field yield transmission loss results, which are then converted into rating systems such as sound transmission class (STC). In Building One, the “between-room” sound isolation measurement yielded an STC of 41, which may be considered good performance, though is not considered “excellent soundproofing” (Soundproofing Company, Inc. n.d.). Façade measurements yield outdoor–indoor level reduction (OILR) and outdoor–indoor transmission level (OITL) results, which can be converted to outdoor–indoor transmission class (OITC) or STC. Because of difficulties getting valid measurements in all frequency bands, an STC or OITC for the outdoor–indoor measurement could not be found in Building One. Finally, open office partition testing yields interzone attenuation results, which can be converted to Articulation Class (AC). Building One’s open office measurement experiment yielded an AC rating of 130. Though each measurement scenario, and its respective rating system, has some sort of “good” or “bad” definition, it is difficult to compare them to each other (e.g., does a wall with an STC of 40 perform better or worse than a partition with an AC of 160?).
Dynamic characterization of the thickness-tapered laminated plant fiber-reinforced polymer composite plates
Published in Advanced Composite Materials, 2019
Vimalanand Suthenthiraveerappa, Venkatachalam Gopalan, Ananda Babu Arumugam, Balamurugan Ramasamy
The arrival of woven plant fiber fabric in the domain of plant fiber-reinforced polymer composites, not only enhances the strength and stiffness characteristics of the composites through the rise of volume fraction of fiber in the composite but also helps in tailor the structural properties of the laminated composites and makes the composite fabrication process easier. Hence, in the evolution of green composites, the usage of woven plant fiber fabric is a much needed one. Although the mechanical characteristics of the laminated plant fiber-reinforced polymer (PFRP) composites are low compared to the synthetic composites, this may act as a replacement for the synthetic composites in some of the applications. This drives the researchers and industrialists working in the composite structures to provide a solution to the environmental concern relating to the synthetic fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. The usage of uniform and non-uniform PFRP composite structures are emerging in various applications such as (1) Automotive – interior and exterior car body components, (2) Rail coach interiors, (3) Aircraft interiors, (4) Military applications, (5) Marine – boat interior parts, (6) building and construction industries (ceiling paneling, partition boards), (7) packaging and consumer products, and (8) Insulating fleeces and felts, panel absorbers, impact sound insulation materials, and ceiling panels used for thermal insulation and acoustic soundproofing.
Airborne power ultrasound for paper drying: an experimental study
Published in Drying Technology, 2023
Zahra Noori O’Connor, Jamal S. Yagoobi
A unique experimental setup was designed and assembled as shown in Figure 1. The main components include the transducer part, electric power generator or EPG (power amplifier and dynamic resonance controller) and sample holder. The sample holder is a stainless steel mesh with 5 mm size circular holes to allow for the moisture mist to escape from the underneath of sample as well. The sound level around the transducer in free field is about 160 dB. For safety purposes, composite double layers soundproofing foams (quiet barrier specialty composite, Soundproofing Cow company, Pennsylvania, USA) were used to reduce the sound level around the transducer to less than 80 dB. It should be noted that this is an open system, and the door of the setup was kept open during the experiments. This airborne transducer and EPG was purchased from Pusonics S.L. (Madrid, Spain). According to the manufacturer,[19] the transducer is composed of a piezoelectric Langevin-type sandwich, a mechanical amplifier or horn, and an extensive radiator, that provides the required impedance to match with the media. The transducer plate is made from titanium and its dimensions are 43.323.43.14 cm. In this study, the ultrasound power is 225 W (the maximum power recommended by the manufacturer) and working frequency is 21 kHz. The weight of the samples was measured intermittently at 2 min intervals using a microbalance (Sartorius BCE6200, Gottingen, Germany, with 0.001 g accuracy). The samples’ thickness was gauged using a digital thickness gauge with 0.002 mm accuracy.