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Thermal Properties
Published in Jerry C. Whitaker, Microelectronics, 2018
Liquids are materials in a state in which the energies of the atomic or molecular vibrations are approximately equal to the energy of their attraction. Liquids flow under their own mass. The change from solid to liquid is called melting. Materials need a characteristic amount of heat to be melted, called the heat of fusion. During melting the atomic crystal experiences a disorder that increases the volume of most materials. A few materials, like water, with stereospecific covalent bonds and low packing factors attain a denser structure when they are thermally excited.
Thermal Properties
Published in Jerry C. Whitaker, Electronic Systems Maintenance Handbook, 2017
Liquids are materials in a state in which the energies of the atomic or molecular vibrations are approximately equal to the energy of their attraction. Liquids flow under their own mass. The change from solid to liquid is called melting. Materials need a characteristic amount of heat to be melted, called the heat of fusion. During melting the atomic crystal experiences a disorder that increases the volume of most materials. A few materials, like water, with stereospecific covalent bonds and low packing factors attain a denser structure when they are thermally excited.
Techno-economical analysis of DSF, BIPV and PCM in administrative buildings in four climates of Iran
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2022
Amir Hossein Heydari, Ramin Haghighi Khoshkhoo
The absorbed or released heat during the change of matter from one phase to another is called latent heat including vapourisation and fusion. The amount of heat released or absorbed by the material from the solid phase to the liquid or vice versa is called latent heat of fusion, while the amount of heat released or absorbed by the material from the liquid phase to vapour phase or vice versa is called the latent heat of vapourisation. Latent heat of vapourisation is not considered for energy storage applications due to the large volume change in this type of change phase. The amount of thermal energy stored in the material as latent heat is shown in Equation (1) (Lingayat and Suple 2013). Q: The amount of thermal energy stored or released in form of latent heat (kJ); m: The mass of the material used to store thermal energy (kg); LH: The Latent heat of fusion or vapourisation (kJ/kg).
Evaluation of a roadway thermoelectric energy harvester through FE analysis and laboratory tests
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2021
Amid Tahami, Mohammadreza Gholiakhani, Samer Dessouky, Arturo Montoya, A. T. Papagiannakis, Luis Fuentes, Lubinda F. Walubita
(3) A fin-equipped heat sink with dimensions of 18 × 10 × 5 cm was used to lower the temperature at the cold side of the TEGs, and hence, increase the power output. Heat sinks are filled with water or some other liquid for cooling purposes. However, water is not the ideal cooling medium, despite its high latent heat of fusion (i.e., 334 J/Kg). The latent heat of fusion is defined as the amount of heat absorbed/emitted when a material changes phases (e.g., solid to liquid and vice versa). In this study, a microencapsulated phase change material (PCM) in a powder form was used to fill the heat sink. Under latent conditions, PCMs allow considerable heat absorption without an increase in temperature. Selecting a PCM with a transition temperature near the temperature at the lower pavement layers (i.e., 18–19°C) allowed maintaining the temperature of the cold side of the TEGs relatively constant (Figure 4) (Wang et al. 2016; Souayfane, Fardoun, and Biwole 2016). There has been a multitude of PCM material applications, such as for example in the thermal management of buildings, heat pump insulation, and spacecraft thermal controls (Souayfane, Fardoun, and Biwole 2016).
Thermal performance assessment of lauric acid and palmitic acid based multi-transformation phase change material and exfoliated graphite composites
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2020
Anju Nirwan, Rohitash Kumar, Bobin Mondal, Jeetendra Kumar, Anuradha Bera, Ravindra Kumar
Latent heat of fusion and melting point of samples under investigation is measured using differential scanning calorimeter (Make-TA Instruments, USA, and Model DSC Q10). The instrument is calibrated using Indium reference sample before conducting the experiments. All DSC measurements are carried out under N2 inert environment purging at 50 ml/minute. The heating and cooling rates are kept at 2ºC/minute to ensure thermal equilibrium within the samples. The latent heat of fusion of samples is measured by calculating the area under the DSC curve using the software supplied with the instrument. The DSC thermographs of samples are plotted in Figure 8.