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Hydromechanical properties of sedimentary rock under injection of supercritical carbon dioxide
Published in Xia-Ting Feng, Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017
A. Arsyad, Y. Mitani, T. Babadagli
Precise measurement is indispensable to obtain accurate and reliable. Therefore, pressure vessel controlling the confining pressure applied onto the specimen, which is placed in the tri-axial chamber, was installed (Figure 6f). The pressure vessel is also capable to work with rock specimen with a size of 10 cm heights × 10 cm diameters and the maximum confining pressure that it can generate is 100 MPa. Syringe pumps were used to generate pressure or control the flow rate depending on the experimental mode. At a constant pressure mode, the syringe pump can load pressure from 6.9 kPa up to 69 MPa constantly. At the constant flow mode, the pump can generate flow from 1.67 × 10−7 cm3/s up to 0.83 cm3/s. Pressure gauges (manufactured by Research Institute Tokyo) that can measure hydraulic pressure with a resolution of 50 cmH2O were also installed to measure the hydraulic pressure at the upstream and downstream sides of the specimen.
Hydromechanical properties of sedimentary rock under injection of supercritical carbon dioxide
Published in Xia-Ting Feng, Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017
A. Arsyad, Y. Mitani, T. Babadagli
Precise measurement is indispensable to obtain accurate and reliable. Therefore, , pressure vessel controlling the confining pressure applied onto the specimen, which is placed in the tri-axial chamber, was installed (Figure 6f). The pressure vessel is also capable to work with rock specimen with a size of 10 cm heights × 10 cm diameters and the maximum confining pressure that it can generate is 100 MPa. Syringe pumps were used to generate pressure or control the flow rate depending on the experimental mode. At a constant pressure mode, the syringe pump can load pressure from 6.9 kPa up to 69 MPa constantly. At the constant flow mode, the pump can generate flow from 1.67 × 10−7 cm3/s up to 0.83 cm3/s. Pressure gauges (manufactured by Research Institute Tokyo) that can measure hydraulic pressure with a resolution of 50 cmH2O were also installed to measure the hydraulic pressure at the upstream and downstream sides of the specimen.
Video laryngeal masks in airway management
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Manuel Á. Gómez-Ríos, Teresa López, José Alfonso Sastre, Tomasz Gaszyński, André A. J. Van Zundert
The SaCoVLM™ is a promising device, which can be used for everyday practice or for complex cases. It is inserted in the same technique as standard curved LMA. This new integrated device is easy to set up, assemble, operate, move in and out of the pharynx, and separate components from each other. SaCoVLM™ provides continuous oxygenation-guided intubation which is particularly advantageous in patients with poor preoperative pulmonary reserve. A case report shows that the device might have great efficiency in morbidly obese patients – easy to insert, seal pressure up to 40 cmH2O in most cases, good glottic visualization, and very high intubation success ratio [77] (Figure 3, panel A). Likewise, SaCoVLM™ can be very useful in airway emergencies like unexpected extubation of the patient in the prone position. Its insertion is possible and allows reintubate the trachea without the need for changing the patients position (Figure 3, Panel B). Also, patients can be intubated in the lateral or prone position after so-called ‘self-positioning’ (Figure 3, Panel C and D). Other SADs can be used on patients in non-standard positions, but this may cause the dislocation of the device and subsequent leakage [78].
Parameters of high-frequency jet ventilation using a mechanical lung model
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2022
Evgeni Kukuev, Evgeny Belugin, Dafna Willner, Ohad Ronen
An important finding of our study was the measurements of relatively low airway pressures during high-frequency jet ventilation. A dangerous airway pressure breach was not recorded in any of the tested setups. Having said that, a higher alveolar pressure may be measured in a live model. In our study, the airway pressure never reached 20 cmH2O, even when the lowest RR and maximal pressure were applied, and the lung compliance was set at 20 ml/cmH2O. Barotrauma is a well-known complication of high-frequency jet ventilation, but this severe complication usually is a result of gas-flow blockage, and not as a result of jet flow itself, as demonstrated in this study [3,13]. Therefore, careful observation of the patient and tubing can prevent this complication during high-frequency jet ventilation, although no reports of barotrauma have been described using the Monsoon high frequency jet ventilation. On the other hand, high-frequency jet ventilation can be less dangerous in patients with low lung compliance, as compared to conventional ventilation, which leads to very high airway pressures and might result in barotrauma.
Randomized comparison of the Baska FESS mask and the LMA Supreme in different head and neck positions
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2018
Li Lian Foo, Ina Ismiarti Shariffuddin, Sook Hui Chaw, Pui Kuan Lee, Chong En Lee, Yi Shang Chen, Lucy Chan
We found a higher incidence of mucosal injury as indicated by a blood stained device upon removal in the LMA Supreme group at 19.6% compared to the Baska FESS group at 6.1%. This may be due to the irregular tip of the LMA Supreme Second Seal cuff, which may make it prone to collide with the arytenoids [20]. A cuff pressure of 60 cmH2O in the LMA Supreme, which is the maximum recommended pressure, may also have contributed to the incidence of mucosal injury. However, incidence of mucosal injury did not correlate with the incidence of postoperative sore throat which was around 20% in both groups. Compared to previous studies, the incidence of sore throat for LMA Supreme was found to be as high as 20% [11] and up to 43.4% [5] for the Baska mask. Postoperative dysphonia and dysphagia were very low in both groups. The use of only smaller Sizes 3 and 4 in our study may have contributed to the lower incidence of sore throat.