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HF Considerations When Testing and Evaluating ACIVs
Published in Donald L. Fisher, William J. Horrey, John D. Lee, Michael A. Regan, Handbook of Human Factors for Automated, Connected, and Intelligent Vehicles, 2020
One example of a non-public roadway usage for commercial vehicles is drayage. Drayage trucks typically work to transfer cargo between mixed modes of transportation, such as offloading cargo from a ship to then be transported by heavy truck or train. These operations are often conducted in a space with controlled access, such as a port of entry or rail yard facility. These characteristics make the domain attractive for heavy vehicle automation; the operation space is confined, there is little to no mixed traffic, there are relatively fixed transit routes, and there are lower speeds of operation (see Smith, Harder, Huynh, Hutson, & Harrison, 2012, for an overview of drayage operations and facilities). Drayage may also offer unique challenges to automated commercial vehicles as roadway infrastructure could differ significantly from public roads. Additionally, while most driving may take place in areas closed to public traffic, there may be some driving on public roads in order to get the cargo to a nearby destination for further transit. These transitions between private and public space may provide test cases of transfer of control between automated driving and manual driving.
Integrating the Open Systems Environment: Reflections of a Project Manager
Published in Michael A. Mische, Reengineering, 2017
One example of total systems management is The Integrator, developed by Andersen Consulting. One of the sites at which The Integrator was installed is the capital markets technology area at Smith Barney. The Integrator is an interesting open system in itself, but its most immediately obvious use is to organize and control open system development. Its main panel acts as a port of entry into all the aforementioned systems components. Not only can it be used to define data base tables, application functions, and GUI window, but it allows the developer to establish the relationships between these components. After all the information is entered into The Integrator, the system builds the data base tables and creates a make file so that all the code can be compiled into an executable format. In addition, The Integrator incorporates documentation features, so that, as a system is being built, it can be documented at the same time.
Secure Documents with RFID and Potential Blockchain Implications
Published in Erick C. Jones, Supply Chain Engineering and Logistics Handbook, 2020
It will likely be some time in the future before E-Passports outnumber the number of conventional passports in circulation. In addition to replacing the conventional passports with E-Passports, the Port of Entry facilities must also have the optical scanners and RFID readers that the E-Passport RFID chips need to operate. As this equipment is installed, the access lanes will be marked with the special international E-Passport symbol illustrated in Figure 18.2. This will allow travelers to properly take advantage of the increased capabilities of their E-Passports. It is expected that this will help speed the processing of travelers.
New Compact Neutron Generator System for Multiple Applications
Published in Nuclear Technology, 2020
Neutrons can be used to detect SNMs hidden inside cargo containers by stimulating detectable SNM signatures. When the container is probed with a pulsed beam of fast neutrons, they become thermalized and induce nuclear fission in the SNM. The fissions generate -delayed high-nergy gamma radiation (<7 MeV), which is a signature for SNMs (Refs. 15 and 16). Unfortunately, both the D-D and D-7Li neutrons conveniently produced by the compact neutron generator are unsuitable for this interrogation scheme. The 2.45-MeV D-D neutrons have a low penetrating power while the 10- and 13-MeV D-7Li neutrons produce a strong background of interfering gamma rays by being above the 16O(n,p)16N reaction threshold energy (10 MeV) (Ref. 15). The best neutron energies should be in the 5- to 8-MeV range to achieve good penetration while limiting the activation of oxygen in the air and materials in the cargo container.16 In addition, for active neutron interrogation of cargo containers at a port of entry, a high-yield neutron source is required.
The Climate Mitigation Challenge-Where Do We Stand?
Published in Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2021
The fourth column indicates the incremental warming reduction associated with each particular action. As can be seen, the most impactful is action 1). It commits the global community to put a substantial and growing price on carbon. Although there are a number of suggested Carbon price approaches, it was assumed that the Citizen’s Climate Lobby, CCL (2020) fee and dividend program would be utilized. This involves starting with a fee (tax) of 15 USD per ton and raising it 10 USD each year. This program allocates the fee proceeds directly to citizens, via a monthly dividend check. The fee is imposed upstream, as near as feasible to the fossil fuel’s mine, well, or port of entry. Such an action could dramatically reduce CO2 emissions from both the power and transport sectors.
Revealing interfaces of supply chain resilience and sustainability: a simulation study
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2018
Lim et al. (2010) analyse fortification of supplier factories as an advantage to increase supply chain resilience. Lewis et al. (2013) analyse the disruption risks at ports of entry with the help of closure likelihood and duration, which are modelled using a completely observed, exogenous Markov chain. They developed a periodic review inventory control model that for studied scenarios indicates that operating margins may decrease 10% for reasonably long port-of-entry closures or be eliminated without contingency plans, and that expected holding and penalty costs may increase 20% for anticipated increases in port-of-entry utilisation.