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Optical Tweezers
Published in Yubing Xie, The Nanobiotechnology Handbook, 2012
Yingbo Zu, Fangfang Ren, Shengnian Wang
The trapping position and force measurement is done by a 3D back-focal plane interferometer with a second laser (Gittes and Schmidt 1998; Rohrbach and Stelzer 2002; Rohrbach et al. 2003; Dreyer et al. 2004). The second laser beam is also expanded, split, and guided into the objective. The generated interference pattern changes are recorded by two quadrant photodiode (QPD) detectors. The QPD signals are further digitalized with an analog to digital (A/D) converter and analyzed by software like LabVIEW to provide information on the planar position (XY plane, or the specimen plane) and the displacement of the trapped object to the trapping equilibrium (z direction or the light propagation direction). For the imaging module, a bright field light is guided from the top of the inverted microscope and illuminates the sampling zone through a condenser lens. Part of the light is directed to a charged coupled devices (CCD) camera for real-time monitoring and imaging of the trapping process.
Notes
Published in Raimund J. Ober, E. Sally Ward, Jerry Chao, Quantitative Bioimaging, 2020
Raimund J. Ober, E. Sally Ward, Jerry Chao
The terminology “epifluorescence”, which refers to the method of illuminating the sample and capturing the emitted fluorescence from the same side of the sample, is applicable to both the upright and the inverted microscope configuration. The terminology, however, arose from consideration of an upright microscope, wherein the light source is situated above (or “epi”, from the Greek preposition for “above”) the sample such that the illuminating light passes through the objective to reach the sample.
Evaluation of dermal toxicity of antibacterial cotton textile coated by sol-gel technology
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2018
Svetlana Vihodceva, Anna Ramata-Stunda, Anita Pumpure
Cells were cultured in Dulbeco’s modified Eagles medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated Fetal Bovine serum (FBS), 100 g/ml of penicillin, and 100 g/ml of streptomycin, and were maintained at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2. When the cells reached confluent monolayers (~90% of cells), the cultured medium was removed and the cells were rinsed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. After that, 2 mL 0.25% trypsin/EDTA solution was added and the cells were incubated at 37 °C for 5 min in a gas atmosphere containing 5% CO2. Cell separation from the surface of plates was checked and observed by Leica light inverted microscope DM IP; as soon as the cells were separated from the plates, the reaction was stopped by adding two volumes of 20% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS)/PBS solutions. Finally, the cells were counted using Neubauer hemocytometer and Leica light inverted microscope.
Synthesis and characterization of mononuclear oxime-based palladacycles incorporating phosphorus ylides: application as a catalyst in Suzuki cross coupling reactions and their biological activities
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2021
Ahmadreza Shiralinia, Sepideh Samiee, Elham Hoveizi
HT-29, A549, and 1321N1 cancer cell lines were purchased from Iran Pasteur Institute. The cells were cultured in sterile T25 flasks (SPL, Korea), including Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM, Gbco, USA) culture supplemented with 10% of the fetal bovine serum (FBS, Gibco, USA) and 1% streptomycin/penicillin (Gibco, USA), and incubated at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2. The cells were monitored daily with an inverted microscope, and cell morphology, density, and cell division were controlled. The culture medium was changed every 2–3 days, and the cell was harvested by trypsin/EDTA.