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Plant Safety and Security
Published in Sandeep Misra, Chandana Roy, Anandarup Mukherjee, Introduction to Industrial Internet of Things and Industry 4.0, 2021
Sandeep Misra, Chandana Roy, Anandarup Mukherjee
The safety of working professionals and machines at factory sites is an ever-present aspect of concern across different industrial sectors. Both health and safety are two key factors to be considered in the workplace to ensure the physical and mental wellness of workers and employees. Occupational and Health Safety (OSH) standards lay down certain rules and regulations to maintain health and safety standards, minimize injuries and fatalities of workers, improve the workplace environment, upgrade overall efficiency, and thereby improve product quality. The incorporation of various advanced technologies such as big data, advanced analytics, augmented reality, virtual reality, and 3D printing has resulted in the improvement of plant safety and security through the continuous observance of the different KPIs.1 These technologies help to provide real-time information and understanding of the safety standards in factories. In addition to this, the health conditions of the workers, especially those working in hazardous zones, can be constantly monitored using wearable sensor nodes. Therefore, the various health metrics of workers, such as fatigue, stress, heart rate, and movement, are available in real-time. Based on their health conditions, these workers can be remotely monitored, and accidents can be avoided in the workplace. For example, in the case of an emergency, any worker engaged in risky and hazardous underground mines can be easily located and evacuated.
Risk Assessment
Published in Ken Barat, Understanding Laser Accidents, 2018
Risk assessments are very important as they form an integral part of an occupational health and safety management plan. They help to: Create awareness of hazards and risk.Identify who may be at risk (employees, cleaners, visitors, contractors, the public, and so on).Determine whether a control program is required for a particular hazard.Determine if existing control measures are adequate or if more should be done.Prevent injuries or illnesses, especially when done at the design or planning stage.Prioritize hazards and their corresponding safety control measures.Meet legal requirements where applicable.Demonstrates “due diligence” in meeting the “general duty” clause
Micro-SMEs
Published in George Boustras, Frank W. Guldenmund, Safety Management in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs), 2017
Athanasios Hadjimanolis, George Boustras, Frank W. Guldenmund
While explicit and direct costs of injuries are easily determined, indirect and implicit ones are frequently not easy to calculate and therefore overseen. At the societal level, injury costs for the individual, human costs, and societal treatment and welfare costs have to be taken into account (Haslam et al., 2010). Safety and health are essential factors for well-being in the workplace. The latter directly affects motivation and a positive work climate and eventually employee productivity. An issue affecting employee morale, but rarely considered in micro-firms, is the assignment of modified work to injured workers for easier return to work (Andersen et al., 2007). Even if the O/M is favourable to such an arrangement, the fact is that many micro-firms cannot provide less demanding work tasks to injured workers during their first weeks of return (MacEachen et al., 2010). A detailed cost–benefit analysis for proving the business case of investment in health and safety measures is frequently beyond the capabilities of a micro-firm.
Impact analysis of behavior of front-line managers on employee safety behavior by integrating interpretive structural modeling and Bayesian network
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Su-Xia Liu, Hua-Zhong Chen, Qiang Mei, Ying Zhou, Nkrumah Nana Kwame Edmund
Whether it is an enterprise manager or an ordinary employee, the cultivation of safety quality is inseparable from safety education and training. Training not only improves the employee skills in risk identification and crisis management, but also enhances their safety knowledge and safety awareness. Cooper [45] reported that the perceptions of the employees of the importance of safety training can be used as a contributor to predictive models of actual levels of safety behavior. Leiter et al. [46], Vinodkumar and Bhasi [32], Liu et al. [47] and Man et al. [48] found that companies with low accident rates were related to good safety training for the employees. Appropriate training is not only related to the implementation of occupational health and safety programs, but also provides workers with the knowledge and competencies needed to handle their responsibilities, and information on potential workplace hazards and how to respond to them [28]. Thus, safety training is regarded as a management behavior, which involves discussing safety issues during the training process, providing emergency training and encouraging participation in training activities and hazard assessment training.
Combination of Lean value-oriented conception and facility layout design for even more significant efficiency improvement and cost reduction
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2020
During the design of the newly improved cellular layout the aspects of workplace ergonomics were also taken into consideration. Workplace ergonomics provides physical and emotional health (noise, hazardous materials, vibration, etc.) and safety (facilities, tools, and materials on the shop floor according to compliance with safety-at-work rules and environmental regulations) for the workers. The justification behind this method is that a well-organised ergonomic workplace results in elimination of risk of injury and bad morale of workers and productivity improvement. In the framework of ergonomics simple automation of some sub-processes, ergonomic devices and tools and comfortable seats for the operators were implemented.
Shoe tread wear occurs primarily during early stance and precedes the peak required coefficient of friction
Published in Footwear Science, 2022
Rosh Bharthi, Joseph R. Sukinik, Sarah L. Hemler, Kurt E. Beschorner
Slip-and-fall accidents are among the most common form of workplace injury (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2020). In 2019, 305,000 workers experienced nonfatal injuries from falls, slips and trips, 87,000 of whom were injured from same-level slip and fall events (U.S. Department of Labor- Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2020a, 2020b). In response to this problem, a need exists for the research community to develop solutions that reduce slip risk and prevent occupational falls.