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Design and Development of Smart Home Automation
Published in Rajesh Singh, Anita Gehlot, P.S. Ranjit, Dolly Sharma, Futuristic Sustainable Energy and Technology, 2022
Harpreet Singh Bedi, Aryan, Ajay
The voltage sensor, which is a system that detects, calculates, and defines the voltage supply, can also be used. The AC or DC voltage levels of the connected appliance will be calculated by this sensor. Voltage could be the sensor’s input, and the sensor’s output could be keys, an analogue voltage signal, a current signal, or an audible signal, among other things. Some sensors produce sine or pulse waveforms, while others produce AM, PWM, or FM (Frequency Modulation) outputs (Frequency Modulation). The voltage divider will influence the measurements of these sensors. A current sensor senses and produces a signal proportional to the flow of electric current. The signal produced may be analogue voltage or current, which could be used to monitor current in an ammeter, saved for further processing and analysis in a data acquisition system, or used to power household appliances.
Smart Lights for Smart City
Published in Krishna Kumar, Gaurav Saini, Duc Manh Nguyen, Narendra Kumar, Rachna Shah, Smart Cities, 2022
Maheswaran Shanmugam, Indhumathi Natarajan, Balasubramaniam Vivek, R. D. Gomathi, Sathesh Shanmugam
Power usage is evaluated by voltage and current sensor and is fixed to the module that is subjected to register the power consumption. The current sensor is a device that is used to calculate the current through the conductor. If the current is passing through the conductor, it creates the magnetic field around that. The magnetic field is directly proportional to the current in the conductor. Using this principle, the current sensor calculates the current consumed by the lights. If there is any disfigurement in the streetlight, it is easily identified by fluctuations of the current value which is measured through the sensor. Figure 10.5 shows the current sensor and its pin representation.
Current and Voltage Sensing
Published in Marcelo Martins Werneck, Regina Célia da Silva Barros Allil, Plastic Optical Fiber Sensors, 2019
A current rig has been constructed for testing and calibrating the units. The current rig was built around an open-core current transformer driven by a high-power rheostat and a high ampacity conductor crossing the open core in a closed loop. The current sensor clamp was tightened around the conductor, and a calibrated ammeter was used in series with the current sensor. Then, the current was varied in small increments from zero to 800 A and a calibration curve was built. Figure 5.15 shows the test rig and Figure 5.16 the calibration curve showing a very good linearity over the entire range.
Longshore sediment transport rate from the field measured wave and sediment characteristics along the coast of Karaikal, India
Published in ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2023
The wave measurement was carried out using a bottom-mounted Directional Wave Recorder (DWR) deployed in a 10 m water depth along the Karaikal coast from 13 October 2017 to 19 April 2018. The wave data were recorded continuously at a sampling rate of 2 Hz with a burst duration of 2048 samples at an interval of 60 minutes. The DWR is fitted with a high accuracy piezo-resistive pressure sensor that can be deployed in shallow waters less than 90 m having an accuracy of ±0.01% and a resolution of 0.001%. It has a direction measuring mechanism called a flux gate compass and Valeport 2-axis EM current sensor, with a range of 0° to 360° with an accuracy of ±1° and resolution of 0.1°. The current sensor works in the range ±5 m/s with an accuracy of ±1% and a resolution of 0.001 m/s. This ‘PUV’ type wave recorder uses Linear Wave Theory to analyse the pressure and current oscillations generated by the wave action.
Real-time monitoring of battery state of charge using artificial neural networks
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2022
Sai Vasudeva Bhagavatula, Venkata Rupesh Bharadwaj Yellamraju, Karthik Chandra Eltem, P. N. Shashank, Phaneendra Babu Bobba, Satyanarayana Kosaraju, Naveen Kumar Marati
The current attribute is sensed using a bi-directional sensor with a sensing range of 0–20 Amperage but due to the accuracy limitations calibrating of the sensor to 0–7 Amperage makes it more accurate and precise for monitoring of both charging and discharging currents. Any ESU for that case considering a rechargeable battery is charged and discharged based on its limitation; the chemical and physical parameters are taken into consideration when analysing and understanding the charging and discharging constraints. During the discharging phase, the EMS is connected to the current sense terminals of the circuit which has a bi-directional current sensor as already mentioned which will be measuring the discharging current of the connected ESU. In our circuit, a single current sensor is used, so we are only measuring either the total charge current or discharge current. The current sensor used is an integrated hall effect, meaning a voltage or potential difference occurs due to the magnetic field caused by the flow of current. The current is linear proportional to the output voltage by the sensing device. For the measurement of current measurement we can look into the connection diagram of Figure 13. Below are the equations for current measurement from the ACS712 (Liu and Hongwen 2015) (20 A) sensor.
Energy and material flow modelling of additive manufacturing processes
Published in Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2018
Mazyar Yosofi, Olivier Kerbrat, Pascal Mognol
Electrical energy measurements were performed with a Norma 4000 power measurements three-phase power analyzer. Voltage probe was plugged into power socket in order to measure the voltage value in real time. The current clamp was plugged directly in the stripped supply power cable in power socket exit. This current sensor has an accuracy of 1% of reading ± 2 mA and a resolution of ± 1 mA. Hence, energy loss due to the electric transformer was taken into account for the electrical energy study. Instant power is calculated directly by the power metre by multiplying the rms-voltage, rms-current and power factor value. Then all the data were saved and processed to the power metre software on a computer. Figure 10 shows the electrical assembly diagram.