China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Cognitive Intelligence-Based Framework for Financial Forecasting
Published in Asis Kumar Tripathy, Chiranji Lal Chowdhary, Mahasweta Sarkar, Sanjaya Kumar Panda, Cognitive Computing Using Green Technologies, 2021
Sarat Chandra Nayak, Sanjib Kumar Nayak, Sanjaya Kumar Panda, Ch. Sanjeev Kumar Dash
In the process of optimization, factors such as WEP and TDR judge the frequency and the extent of solution change. Exploitation accuracy is denoted by parameter p. Enhancement of WEP value is directly proportional to the rate of exploitation. Exploitation is obtained by substituting the jth element of the solution with the solution using the roulette wheel method. It is beneficial to avoid the local optimum value. Here, the present solution has a black hole, and the best solution has a white hole. In the optimization process, WEP and TDR may be adaptively changed to investigate exploration and exploitation. The current best solution chooses white holes with a roulette wheel (in proportion to relative fitness costs), improves the less accurate solutions of the search process, and generates black holes negatively correlated to the fitness values.
The consistency of horizontal alignment at tunnel entrance and exit zone
Published in Sandra Erkens, Xueyan Liu, Kumar Anupam, Yiqiu Tan, Functional Pavement Design, 2016
Zhen Yang, Haifeng Han, Ziyi Xiong, Donglin Lei
The consistency of traveling for 3 s was proposed based on the consideration of the negative impact on the vehicle sight distance by black-hole effect and white-hole effect at the tunnel entrance and exit. If the tunnel entrance or exit sit on a spiral curve with the large spiral transition curve parameter A, for instance, A = 2000, the spiral curve in a relatively short distance (3 s traveling distance) can be regarded as a circle, namely the deviation of the track in circle is very close to the spiral curve. In this condition, it is reasonable to judge the alignment satisfy the consistency regarded by the Design Specification for Highway Alignment (JTGD20–2006). The primary issue is to come to the problem that how much deviation can be accept according to safety and practicality.
Quantum Accelerating Universe
Published in Xavier Oriols, Jordi Mompart, Applied Bohmian Mechanics, 2019
PedroF. González-Díaz, Alberto Rozas-Fernández
In this case, on times t > t˜, the wormhole converts to an Einstein-Rosen bridge, which decays into a black hole plus a white hole that will, in this case, progressively lose mass to vanish at t = ∞ [23]. This result holds both for a static wormhole metric and when the throat radius is allowed to be time dependent [23].
Statistical Analysis of Capacities of Battery Energy Storage Based on Economic Assessment of PV/Wind Renewable Energy Sources in Micro-Grid Application
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2023
As explained by Abdelkader et al. [32], the search process of the population-based algorithm is divided into two key phases which are the exploitation and the exploration. For introducing the MVO related to the exploration of the search spaces, the white hole and black hole are utilized. In other hand, for exploiting the search spaces, the wormhole can be used to assist the MVO algorithm. Thus, it is assumed that each solution is similar to a universe and each variable in the solution is an object in the universe. Then, it is attributed that each solution has an inflation rate, which is proportional to the fitness function value of this solution. The schematic model of the proposed MVO algorithm is presented in Figure 1. During optimization stage, the following rules are respected and applied to the universes of MVO:
Enhanced Facial Emotion Recognition by Optimal Descriptor Selection with Neural Network
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
P. M. Ashok Kumar, Jeevan Babu Maddala, K. Martin Sagayam
MVO [43] is an optimization method, which is generated by the inspirations from the nature. The three processes are developed from cosmology: white hole, black hole and warm hole. This optimization algorithm is implemented mathematically using these concepts to execute the processes: “Exploration, Exploitation, and Local Search”. The conventional MVO is a population-based algorithm, which is performed by two phases, they are exploration and exploitation. For the exploration process, the search spaces are involved with white hole and black hole concepts. In the exploitation process, the wormholes are used in MVO. In this technique, the entire solutions are considered as the object in the universe. Moreover, the assumption of each solution is an inflation rate, which is proportional to the fitness function value of the solution. The listed rules are applied in processing the MVO concept, especially the universe. In the universe, if the inflation rate is high, the probability of owning white hole is high. When the probability of having black holes is low, the inflation rate is high. When the inflation rate is high in the universe, the object transformation is done by white holes. In contrast, the universes with lower inflation rate tend to accept objects through black holes. Finally, with the help of wormholes, the random or arbitrary movement is assigned to the objects in the entire universe in order to attain the optimal universe by not considering the inflate rate.
Comparison and analysis of crash frequency and rate in cross-river tunnels using random-parameter models
Published in Journal of Transportation Safety & Security, 2022
Shengdi Chen, Yao Chen, Yingying Xing
With regards to tunnel zones, zone 1 has the highest crash rate, followed by zone 2 and zone 5, while zone 3 has the lowest crash rate, which implies that crash rate inside the tunnels is lower than that for the road section in front of the tunnel openings. This finding is consistent with previous studies (Amundsen & Ranes, 2000; Lu, Lu, Xing, Wang, & Pan, 2014; Yeung & Wong, 2013), which may be attributed to the blinding sunlight, complex driving environment and congestion outside tunnel openings (Amundsen & Ranes, 2000). When vehicles enter and exit a tunnel, the black hole and white hole may potentially increase driving risk. Lane changes and overtaking outside the tunnel may contribute to the increase in crash rate on the road section before entering and after exiting zones in the tunnel. Although zone 2 and zone 5 have nearly the same effect on the crash frequency, the effect of zone 2 on the crash rate is distinctly larger than that of zone 5, which indicates that zone 2 should be paid more attention when improving tunnel safety. Compared with zone 4, the crash rate appears to increase slightly in zone 2, which is probably due to the special geometric alignment of river-crossing tunnels. As shown in Figure 4, zone 2 is generally located on the downslope, while zone 4 is usually located on the upslope. Controlling the speed on a downslope, especially a continuous long and steep downgrade, may cause a larger number of crashes (Chang, 2005).