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The Weak Interaction in the Framework of Grand Unification Theories
Published in K Grotz, H V Klapdor, S S Wilson, The Weak Interaction in Nuclear, Particle and Astrophysics, 2020
K Grotz, H V Klapdor, S S Wilson
Supersymmetry is not realised in nature, and so any acceptable theory must include a breaking of this symmetry. Spontaneous symmetry breaking can be produced by a complex scalar super-Higgs field z. Like the Higgs potential in Chapter 4, the behaviour of z is determined by a corresponding potential V(z, z*). It is customary to introduce another function G(z, z*) into the description of the supersymmetric models, from which V(z, z*) may be deduced: () V(z,z∗)=9e(4/3)G(∂2G∂z∂z∗)−1∂2∂z∂z*(e−(1/3)G)Models with canonical coupling.
AI for Particle Physics
Published in Volker Knecht, AI for Physics, 2023
Mario Campanelli, Volker Knecht
A speculated relationship between bosons and fermions is supersymmetry.7 As a drawback, it involves many additional particles and parameters. But it among other things yields a dark matter candidate and provides a quantum theory of gravity.
Discovery, science and progress
Published in Mário S. Ming Kong, Maria do Rosário Monteiro, Maria João Pereira Neto, Progress(es) – Theories and Practices, 2018
Since the 1980s “supersymmetry” (or “SUSY”), a new type of symmetry relating bosons and fermions, has been proposed as an extension of the Standard Model. However, to this day, no indication whatsoever has been found of its existence.
London-modified coherent states: statistical properties and interaction with a two-level atom
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2021
H. M. Moya-Cessa, Julio Guerrero
Distributions of classical light that model so-called London coherent states maybe generated by propagating an electromagnetic field in inhomogeneous media, particularly, waveguide arrays [19,20]. Those states are an infinite superposition of number states with coefficients that are proportional to Bessel functions. It is worth to mention that there exists the notion of supersymmetry based on matrix factorization of quantum systems of coupled (bosonic) oscillators, such that, by using the associated algebra and because of the indistinguishability property of bosonic particles, the Schrödinger equation for those oscillators may be written in different boson-number sectors. This leads to a system of coupled differential equations that may be emulated by propagating classical light in waveguide arrays [21].
Studying fundamental physics using quantum enabled technologies with trapped molecular ions
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2018
D. M. Segal, V. Lorent, R. Dubessy, B. Darquié
Studying the fundamental forces of nature is a core goal of modern physics and has spawned a huge variety of methods and approaches. A general misconception is that in order to perform fundamental tests, enormous collective efforts such as those under way at CERN are the only possible solution. However, the tenacity of atomic, molecular and optical physicists has meant that many vital pieces of the puzzle have been put in place through meticulous research involving nothing more than the interaction of matter with light. Key predictions of quantum electrodynamics (Lamb shift [1], spontaneous emission [2]) and the Standard Model of particle physics (Parity Non-Conservation in the Electro-Weak interaction, for a review, see [3]) have been elucidated using these methods. Limits have been placed on cosmological models that allow for variations in the fundamental constants. In 2009, a number of groups worldwide were using the methods of quantum optics to search for physics beyond the Standard Model (e.g. Supersymmetry) by attempting to measure, for instance, the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the electron [4,5].1 The MMTF group at Villetaneuse has played a key role in the general area of optical tests of fundamental physics. In 2008, measurements at LPL, in conjunction with the SYRTE Laboratory (Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace, Paris, the French national metrology institute) set the tightest direct and model-free constraints thus far on possible current epoch variations of the electron-to-proton mass ratio [6].2