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International Standards in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Accessibility and Their Application in Operating Systems
Published in Waldemar Karwowski, Anna Szopa, Marcelo M. Soares, Handbook of Standards and Guidelines in Human Factors and Ergonomics, 2021
Android offers TalkBack. To interact with the device, it describes the user's actions and talks about alerts and notifications. If users want spoken feedback at certain times, they can turn on Select to Speak to select items on their screen to hear them read or described aloud or point the camera at something in the real world. Voice Access controls the device with spoken commands. Users can use their voice to open apps, navigate, and edit text hands-free. Switch Access interacts with your Android device by using one or more switches instead of the touchscreen. Time to take action (Accessibility timeout) chooses how long to show messages. BrailleBack connects a refreshable braille display to the user’s device via Bluetooth. BrailleBack works with TalkBack for a combined speech and braille experience, allowing text to be edited and interact with the user’s device. Users can use Live Transcribe to capture speech and view it as a text for users with hearing problems. Sound Amplifier, with wired headphones, amplify the sounds in the environment and Hearing Aid Support can pair hearing aids with an Android device to hear more clearly. Thanks to Real-Time Text (RTT), users can text to communicate during calls (Android Accessibility).
Tactile Communication in the Home Environment
Published in Philip D. Bust, Contemporary Ergonomics 2006, 2020
Elizabeth Ball, Colette Nicolle
Braille is a form of tactile writing. Refreshable Braille displays enable deafblind people to access computers. Thus Braille can be used for distance communication, such as email or text-telephony. It can also be used for face-to-face communication if the speaker, or a language support professional, types onto a computer keyboard and the deafblind person reads from a refreshable Braille display – a form of speech-to- Braille reporting. Potentially, Braille could be used with automatic speech recognition.
Assistive technology use in the workplace by people with blindness and low vision: perceived skill level, satisfaction, and challenges
Published in Assistive Technology, 2023
Michele C. McDonnall, Anne Steverson, Rachael Sessler Trinkowsky, Katerina Sergi
Screen readers or screen magnifiers are arguably the most important AT used on the job, and satisfaction with these two ATs differed considerably across tasks. People who used screen reader software reported less satisfaction with certain computer-related tasks than people who used screen magnification software, and vice versa. Percentage who expressed dissatisfaction with screen reader software ranged from a low of 2.7% for accessing the internet, using e-mail or creating text documents to a high of 38.7% for creating presentations. Percentage who expressed dissatisfaction with screen magnification software ranged from a low of 4.8% for accessing their organization’s database/software system to a high of 50% for making formal presentations. Built-in screen reader/magnifier users expressed more dissatisfaction than those who use third-party screen reader or screen magnification software for several tasks: creating spreadsheets; accessing the Internet, using e-mail, or creating text documents; and gaining remote access into a network or computer system. In terms of making formal presentations, people who used a refreshable braille display were much less likely to express dissatisfaction than the other AT users.
Advanced mathematics communication beyond modality of sight
Published in International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2018
Job Access with Speech (JAWS), is a computer screen reader program for Microsoft Windows, which is produced by the Blind and Low Vision Group of Freedom Scientific, St. Petersburg, Florida, U.S.A. The software allows blind and visually impaired users to read the screen either with a text-to-speech output or by a Refreshable Braille display. This program reads most programs, such as Word and LaTex, as well as actions in Windows. Anthony's Windows laptop read using JAWS. VoiceOver is another function designed for Mac users and works in Mac iOS. In addition, the PDF reader was used when a PDF file had to be read.