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Emergence of Intelligence
Published in Hitoshi Iba, AI and SWARM, 2019
The interpretation of quantum games described here does not mean that the human brain or intelligence is based on quantum computation. It is considered as a means of expressing the fluidity of thought that is called “Quantum Cognition.” On the other hand, the physicist Roger Penrose, famous for the Penrose Tile, argued that our spirits can transcend ideas based on reason, so it cannot be reproduced with machines [88], and that the quantum mechanical properties are involved in the problems of behavior and consciousness of the brain on the macro scale, thus, proposing the “quantum brain theory” [89].
Quantum models of cognition and decision
Published in International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, 2018
It seems that in modern cognitive psychology similar situation takes place as it occurred in physics at the beginning of the twentieth century – many paradoxes have been described in the literature on the subject of judgments and decisions under risk and uncertainty. Human judgments and decisions often seem irrational – at least if we adopt classical model of rationality, which assumes classical logic and classical probability calculus. However, it is possible that this ‘irrationality’ is only apparent and it expresses the fact that human thinking includes two layers, or two levels: classical level, which is described by classical logic and classical probability calculus, as well as quantum level, which in judgments and decisions processes includes presence of typically quantum effects, such as superposition of beliefs, contextuality of beliefs and interference effects known in quantum probability theory. If this is the case, then elements of the formalism in quantum mechanics may also be used beyond physics – in reference to cognition and decision. At least, it is claimed by the authors of quantum cognition research program, who state that human behavior, which is paradox from a classical point of view, may be effectively modeled if using quantum probability theory.