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Africa
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Electrification and Energy Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa
Published in Muhammad Asif, Handbook of Energy Transitions, 2023
Vikrant Katekar, Sandip Deshmukh
The total market value of all final products and services generated within a nation in a given time is GDP [3]. The per cent change in real GDP, which accounts for inflation, is called economic growth (GDP growth) [4]. GDP per capita is calculated by dividing a country’s economic production by its people. It’s a strong indicator of a country’s living standards [5]. It also explains how often the people of a nation get profit from the economy [6]. GDP per capita (PPP based) is GDP separated by the total population in foreign dollars using purchasing power parity rates [7]. The buying power of an overseas dollar is equal to that of a US dollar in terms of GDP [8]. Except for Somalia GDP of all other countries are tabulated in Table 24.1. As of 2017, the average GDP per capita (PPP) was found as $5566. Concerning the world GDP per capita (PPP) of $17,100 as of 2017, this continent’s GDP is 67.45% less than the world GDP. The lowest and highest GDP per capita (PPP) was recorded for the Central African Republic ($700) and Equatorial Guinea ($37400), respectively. However, this continent is developing an entirely new direction of growth, harnessing its wealth and citizens’ potential, with the world’s largest free trade area and a 1.2 billion-person market. Figure 24.1 shows the comparison of GDP per capita for different sub-Saharan African countries [9].
Water Demand
Published in Subhash Verma, Varinder S. Kanwar, Siby John, Environmental Engineering, 2022
Subhash Verma, Varinder S. Kanwar, Siby John
The total quantity of water required by a community is estimated using the following two pieces of information: The anticipated population of a particular town for a given design period, say 30 years, worked out by any one of the methods of population forecasting.The per capita demand, litres per person per day, which is the average amount of water required by a person every day, worked out by considering the water requirements for various purposes such as domestic use, commercial use and so on, divided by the total population and 365 days.
Lean Prescription at Denver Health: The ENTERPRISE ALIGNMENT Workshop Case Study
Published in Chris Butterworth, Enterprise Alignment and Results, 2019
Huge Cost: So how expensive is the current healthcare system? Financially, it’s a black hole. According to the Commonwealth Fund Commission on a High Performing Health System (2013), America spends twice as much on healthcare per capita than other developed countries. “Over the last four decades the growth in healthcare costs exceeded the GDP rate of growth in 31 of the 40 years,” as cited in Dr. Patricia Gabow’s book with Philip Goodman*, The Lean Prescription: Powerful Medicine for Our Ailing Healthcare System.† Healthcare now consumes 18% of the GDP,‡ with a total bill of approximately $3 trillion dollars. This substantial sum interferes with the United States’ ability to invest in other priorities such as education, environment, or infrastructure. It also interferes with the United States’ ability to reduce its federal deficit and improve its competitiveness in the global marketplace. Lastly, the Institute of Medicine has estimated that 30–40% of the total sum is waste. At today’s expenditure level, this adds up to over 1 trillion dollars per year. This staggering amount does not benefit the patient or even the healthcare industry in the slightest. This financial waste is accompanied by inefficient, non-patient-centered clinical and administrative processes. As a result, the actual amount of waste more than likely greatly supersedes this fiscal amount.§
Long-run studies of daily travel: methodological review and convergence of distance traveled per capita across cities
Published in Transport Reviews, 2019
PKT per capita in a city in a year is computed as follows: first, annual PKT by public transit is calculated by summing the annual passenger kilometres of rail, bus, and streetcar (tram) in the city, while annual PKT by car is calculated by multiplying annual VKT by average car occupancy in the city. Next, annual (total) PKT is calculated by summing the above two types of annual PKT. Finally, PKT per capita in a year is computed by dividing the annual (total) PKT by the population of the city in the year. Sources for computing the above data include McIntosh et al. (2014) and UITP (2006) for the year 2000, and Kenworthy et al. (1999) for the years 1960, 1970, 1980, and 1990, where data are measured at the metropolitan level for each city. Note that our measure of PKT is motorised PKT, which excludes PKT by walking and cycling.
Evaluation of ecological security and ecological maintenance based on pressure-state-response (PSR) model, case study: Fuzhou city, China
Published in Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2022
Shuhui Lai, Jinming Sha, Ahmed Eladawy, Xiaomei Li, Jinliang Wang, Eldar Kurbanov, Zejing Lin, Longbin Wu, Run Han, Yung-Chih Su
GDP per capita refers to the ratio of a country’s annual GDP to its resident population. This article inquired Fuzhou statistical yearbook and combined with land use data, calculated and assigned per capita GDP to each district and county, then transformed the grid, and then divided the land use data into two categories of construction land, created 300 m × 300m grid, and calculated the area proportion of construction land in each grid by area tabulation. Finally, multiply the first three times using a grid calculator to get the final GDP per capita.