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Assessing and monitoring groundwater governance
Published in Karen G. Villholth, Elena López-Gunn, Kirstin I. Conti, Alberto Garrido, Jac van der Gun, Advances in Groundwater Governance, 2017
Akhmouch Aziza, Clavreul Delphine
M&E can provide a tangible, consensual and objective base that can trigger collective action and improvements of the (ground)water governance cycle (Figure 13.1). Measuring whether or not certain conditions are in place is the first crucial step to identify what can hinder effective groundwater policy design and implementation (e.g. roles and responsibilities are unclear or overlapping), what is missing (e.g. lack or insufficient coordination with other policy fields such as agriculture or land use) and what can be improved (e.g. tools for collective groundwater management). As such, monitoring and evaluation (M&E) produce information that can improve decision making, enhance resource allocation, and increase accountability.
A novel pro-active approach towards SHM-based bridge management supported by FE analysis and Bayesian methods
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2020
Helder Sousa, Arpad Rozsas, Arthur Slobbe, Wim Courage
In this context, this work contributes to these efforts by presenting a novel, pro-active SHM tool focussing on static loading conditions and applied to full-scale bridges. This tool is specifically devoted to support bridge owners/operators to better identify the type of damage, including its severity and hence to improve their decision-making concerning asset management. The novelty stems from the combination of the: (i) automation of the monitoring and evaluation; (ii) explicit consideration of uncertainties; and (iii) application to a real structure considering multiple sensor types and damage types. Firstly, an investigation is conducted on the most representative damage scenarios for bridges subjected to both short- and long-term action effects. Secondly, the pro-active SHM approach for bridge management is introduced and described, which is based on a benchmark previously developed by TNO (Slobbe, Bigaj-van Vliet, & Rózsás, 2017). Thirdly, a numerical application is made by using a comprehensive case study available in the literature regarding the utilisation of SHM for bridge management: the Lezíria Bridge.
The evolution of water governance in France from the 1960s: disputes as major drivers for radical changes within a consensual framework
Published in Water International, 2018
Marine Colon, Sophie Richard, Pierre-Alain Roche
The enforcement of the European WFD was not such an administrative issue in France regarding the governance framework, since water agencies already had jurisdiction over major watersheds. The WFD in fact strengthened the legitimacy of existing institutions. It also contributed to new forms of governance and collective actions across different territorial scales and decision-making levels. However, processes of setting and reaching objectives of water quality (‘good status’) and implementing cost-recovery policy have been more challenging for France as they required adjustments (Richard et al., 2010; Roche, 2002). The WFD enhanced monitoring and evaluation. The ‘good status’ indicators have become the main criteria for assessing the soundness and effectiveness of water management in a given river basin. It gave a new impulse to ecosystem research (Roche, 2005). At the crossroads between democracy and policy efficiency, participation required that transparent information and decision-making at the scale of river basins became the norm.
How senior management and workplace norms influence information security attitudes and self-efficacy
Published in Behaviour & Information Technology, 2018
Suresh Cuganesan, Cara Steele, Alison Hart
Monitoring and evaluation also provide feedback and potential learning opportunities for employees in terms of information security requirements and their practices (Da Veiga and Martins 2015). It allows individuals ‘to assess current status and make adjustments as necessary’ (Boss et al. 2009, 154), not only to address undesirable behaviours but also to enhance desirable ones (Vance, Siponen, and Pahnila 2012). We posit that ability to obtain feedback and address awareness and knowledge gaps, facilitated by monitoring and evaluation, is likely to be beneficial for self-efficacy. Hence, we hypothesise the following: H4: Monitoring and evaluation positively influence information security (a) attitudes, (b) self-efficacy and (c) norms.