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Deployment, Patrolling and Foraging
Published in Yasmina Bestaoui Sebbane, Multi-UAV Planning and Task Allocation, 2020
In 2D space scenarios, the maximal coverage problem can be mapped to a circle packing formulation. The problem turns into the sphere packing problem in 3D, and the strategies designed for 2D become NP-hard in 3D. The problem of coverage in 3D space is often a critical part of the scenario for the observation of an environment. The number of nodes and their locations are restricted by the investigated environment and the reception range of node. Moreover, the dynamic UAV network topology and flight must be handled efficiently considering the communication constraints of the UAVs. In [10], a node positioning strategy for UAV networks is proposed with a wireless sensor and actor network structure according to different capabilities of the nodes in the network. The positioning algorithm utilizes the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory of chemistry, based on the correlation between molecular geometry and the number of atoms in a molecule. By using the rules of VSEPR theory, the actor nodes in the proposed approach use a lightweight and distributed algorithm to form a self-organizing network around a central UAV, which has the role of the sink.
Chemical Bond II: Molecular Orbitals
Published in Franco Battaglia, Thomas F. George, Understanding Molecules, 2018
Franco Battaglia, Thomas F. George
The knowledge of polyatomic molecular geometry requires the determination of all independent distances between each pair of atoms or, equivalently, a knowledge of bond lengths and bond angles. Our aim, then, is to be able to predict, from the qualitative rules stated above, how the stability of a molecule changes due to changes not only in the bond lengths (nearest-neighbor distances), but also the bond angles (next-nearest-neighbor distances), or even upon a change of the relative orientation between portions of the given molecule (conformational variations).
Deployment, Patrolling, and Foraging
Published in Yasmina Bestaoui Sebbane, Intelligent Autonomy of Uavs, 2018
In 2-D space scenarios, the maximal coverage problem can be mapped to a circle packing formulation. The problem turns into the sphere packing problem in 3-D and the strategies designed for 2-D become NP-hard in 3-D. The problem of coverage in 3-D space is often a critical part of the scenario for the observation of an environment. The number of nodes and their locations are restricted by the investigated environment and the reception range of node. Moreover, the dynamic UAV network topology and flight must be handled efficiently considering the communication constraints of the UAVs. In [9], a node positioning strategy for UAV networks is proposed with a wireless sensor and actor network structure according to different capabilities of the nodes in the network. The positioning algorithm utilizes the Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory of chemistry, based on the correlation between molecular geometry and the number of atoms in a molecule. By using the rules of VSEPR theory, the actor nodes in the proposed approach use a lightweight and distributed algorithm to form a self-organizing network around a central UAV, which has the role of the sink.
Anion-controlled geometrically different Cu(II) ion-based coordination polymers and green synthetic route for copper nanoparticles: a combined experimental and computational insight
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2018
Meenu Arora, Amanpreet Kaur Jassal, Sarvesh Kumar Pandey, Sukhvinder Kaur Chawla, Rahul Kumar Mudsainiyan
The Hirshfeld surfaces [20] in the crystal structure of a particular complex are constructed on the basis of electron distribution calculated as the sum of spherical atom electron densities and used to visualize the different intermolecular interactions in crystal structures employing 3-D molecular surface contours. Inside the Hirshfeld surface, the electron distribution due to a sum of spherical atoms for the molecule (the pro-molecule) dominates the corresponding sum over the crystal (the pro-crystal), and the Hirshfeld surface is defined as the point where the ratio of pro-molecule to pro-crystal electron densities equals to 0.5. Molecular geometry, location, and orientation of nearest and more distant neighboring molecules, and the nature of specific atom types which make close contacts with the molecule, are all things which affect the Hirshfeld surfaces and environment of a molecule in a crystal. For a given crystal structure and set of spherical atomic electron densities, the Hirshfeld surface is unique, and its property suggests the possibility of gaining additional insight into the intermolecular interactions of molecular crystals. The Hirshfeld surface enclosing a molecule is defined by points where the contribution to the electron density from the molecule of interest is equal to the contribution from all the other molecules. For each point on that iso surface, two distances are defined, i.e. de and di. de is the distance from a point to nearest nucleus external to the surface, and di the distance to the nearest nucleus internal to the surface. The value of the dnorm is negative or positive when intermolecular contacts are shorter/longer than vdW separations. Because of the symmetry between de and di in the expression for dnorm, where two Hirshfeld surfaces touch, both will display a red spot identical in color intensity as well as size and shape.