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Finite Element Analysis: Background Concepts
Published in Steven M. Lepi, Practical Guide to Finite Elements, 2020
The line element for truss applications is used either in two-dimensional or three-dimensional space, depending upon how the problem is posed, and what type of idealization is used. The two-dimensional truss element assumes that the joints are pinned, and no bending is supported, therefore, vertical displacement must be restrained at the right end, as illustrated in the figures above.
Response modification factor and displacement amplification factor of K-shaped eccentrically braced high-strength steel frames
Published in Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 2022
Shen Li, Wang-Ge Liang, Dui-Xian Gao, Xiu-zhen Pan
Figures 11 and 12 show the failure modes of the specimens from the monotonic and hysteretic tests. Figure 13 shows the failure mode of the FE model from the pushover analysis. The failure mode of the FE model is similar to that obtained from the monotonic test. When the frame drift is more significant than H/50 (H is the height of the structure), the deformation of the link reaches the plastic limit state (GB50011-2010 2010), the shear hinge unloads, and the pushover curves exhibit a downward trend. The components in SAP2000 are truss elements, the average values of the material properties of the flanges and web plates were taken as the material model, and the plastic deformation of the structure was concentrated in the plastic hinges by defining the plastic behavior of the plastic hinge reaction structure. When the plastic hinge of the structure reaches the limit state in the FE model, unloading of the hinge occurs, causing the bearing capacity to rapidly decrease. The line element is used for the beams and columns in the FE model. The plastic zone is just a point, and it is different from the actual structure, which is the primary cause of errors.
An efficient fatigue analysis for the nonbonded flexible riser
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2022
Pengjie Li, Tianjiao Dai, Xing Jin, Leilei Dong, Shuaiqi Liu, Shuo Yang, Xianbo Xiang, Hooi-Siang Kang
The riser is modelled by the line element as shown in Figures 4 and 5. The line element is connected by the axial, torsion, and bending spring to transfer the axial forces, torque and bending moments, respectively. In addition, dampers are also used for considering the damping properties in the axial, bending and torsion directions, which is important in the dynamic analysis. The mass and buoyancy are attached to the nodes (OrcaFlex Manual).