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Containment Buildings and Their Function
Published in Robert E. Masterson, Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, 2019
In Equation 32.8, P is measured in Pa, V is measured in m3, n is measured in moles, and T is measured in degrees Kelvin. In SI units, the universal gas constant R has a value 8.314 J/°K mol. Of course, if we want to estimate the containment building pressure using the ideal gas law, the estimate will have some errors associated with it, but when the air and the steam–water mixture come into thermal equilibrium with each other (which means that they have eventually the same temperature and pressure), then we can deduce the final temperature of the air–steam mixture from a simple energy balance. The pressure change ΔP is then proportional to the temperature change ΔT. When we go through this analysis in more detail (see GOTHIC 2012) and also invoke the law of partial pressures, we find that the final internal pressure in an average PWR containment building is about 0.445 MPa (65 PSI), while the initial pressure is 0.101 MPa (slightly below atmospheric pressure). The exact temperatures and pressures before and after a LOCA are shown in Tables 32.3 and 32.4. Table 32.3 shows the temperatures and pressures for a large pipe break LOCA in the primary loop, and Table 32.4 shows the temperatures and pressures for a large pipe break LOCA in the secondary loop.
Mathematical formulas from the sciences
Published in Dan Zwillinger, CRC Standard Mathematical Tables and Formulas, 2018
Rv gas constant for water vapor, 461.495J/(kgoK) $ {\text{J/(kg}}^{\text{o}} {\text{K)}} $
Basic Thermal Science
Published in T. Agami Reddy, Jan F. Kreider, Peter S. Curtiss, Ari Rabl, Heating and Cooling of Buildings, 2016
T. Agami Reddy, Jan F. Kreider, Peter S. Curtiss, Ari Rabl
The gas constant R is calculated by dividing R* by the molecular weight of the gas. Since the molecular weight of air is 28.97, the gas constant for air is Rair = 1545.35/28.97 = 53.35 ft · lbf/(lbm · °R). In SI units, the gas constant has a value of 287 J/(kg · K). The form of Equation 2.11 is called the “ideal gas law” or “ideal gas equation of state.”
One new channel for the reduction of NO during gasification condition: An insight from DFT calculations
Published in Combustion Science and Technology, 2023
Hai Zhang, Huang Qin, Liang Zhao, Jiaxun Liu, Jiang Wu, Xiumin Jiang
is the Boltzmann constant, is the temperature, is the Planck constant, is the transition state partition function, and are the reactants partition functions, is the calculated activation energy and is the conventional gas constant. is the multiplier of transitional , electronic , rotational and vibrational partition function. Once the thermal rate constants are evaluated by TST, then they are fitted to the logarithmic Arrhenius expression Eq. 2 using a linear least-squares fitting algorithm.