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Board games as tools for developing character independence in Malang Regency
Published in Ratri Wulandari, Idhar Resmadi, Vika Haristianti, Rahmiati Aulia, Riky Taufik Afif, Gema Ari Prahara, Aulia Ibrahim Yeru, Dynamics of Industrial Revolution 4.0: Digital Technology Transformation and Cultural Evolution, 2021
C.U.C. Nursyifani, L.T. Atmaji, G. Febriani
The variations of the games aim to make players more challenged with the flow of the game. Therefore, in making games, a game development process is needed which is divided into several stages. The game development process is broadly divided into the following stages (Nugroho 2013):Research Phase and Concept Development. At this stage, basic ideas, objectives, themes, target audiences, technology, media (platforms), and various other limitations are formulated. This research stage becomes a crucial stage, various basic elements of a game are arranged here.Formulation of Gameplay. At this stage, the game designers formulate gameplay/game mechanics that will be used in a game. This gameplay also regulates how a player can meet the objectives of the game and get a pleasant playing experience.Arrangement of Asset and Level Design. This stage focuses on the conceptualization of all the characters and assets (including sound/music) needed. At the same time, the team also began to do the level design or grouping of levels of difficulty and various appropriate assets at each level (if there are more than one level) so that the game can present an optimal playing experience.Test Play (Prototyping). At this stage, a prototype/dummy is presented to test the gameplay and various concepts that have been arranged, both at each level and as a whole, as well as making various improvements needed. This stage also serves to provide a complete picture for the whole team so that it can facilitate the process of further development.Development. At this stage, all concepts (characters and assets) that had previously been arranged began to be fully developed. The game engine began to be developed, and all elements began to be integrated.Alpha/Close Beta Test (UX-Initial Balancing). The main focus at this stage is to find out if all the main components of the game have been able to provide user experience as expected as well as to detect technical problems that have not been detected in the previous stages.Release. At this stage, the game is ready to be released and introduced to the target players. When a game has been released to the public, it does not mean the development process is complete. Games in general continue to be optimized (updated). This is to ensure that the game that is presented is really able to provide the maximum playing experience.
Detection of Affective States of the Students in a Blended Learning Environment Comprising of Smartphones
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2021
Subrata Tikadar, Samit Bhattacharya
The use of a gaming approach may be a way to overcome these issues. There are many benefits to use a gaming approach to elicit affect. First of all, specific affect can be induced quickly and easily (Yannakakis & Paiva, 2014). Secondly, the users can be induced the specific affect without their knowledge. Thirdly, data can be collected systematically without any user feedback. Fourthly, multiple eliciting elements can be incorporated in the game which may help to induce the exact intended affect. Fifthly, multiple types of affective data can be collected through this gaming approach. The types are gameplay (behavioral), objective, and game context (Yannakakis & Paiva, 2014). The behavioral type refers to players' actions and preferences in real-time, which includes force applied while touching interactive elements, choosing particular elements among many alternatives, and so on. The objective type indicates the outcomes of elicited affects. Changes in body language, facial expression, voice, and physiological signals like heart rate, EEG are examples of objective type of data. The game context data is the real-time state of the game. For instance, the mode or level of a game. It is very important as it helps for labeling the other two types of inputs (i.e., the behavioral and objective inputs). For example, a gaming mode can specify whether the arousal elicited is due to frustration or positive excitement (Yannakakis & Pavia, 2014).