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Cloud VR Network Solution
Published in Huaping Xiong, Dawei Li, Kun Huang, Mu Xu, Yin Huang, Lingling Xu, Jianfei Lai, Shengjun Qian, Cloud VR, 2020
Huaping Xiong, Dawei Li, Kun Huang, Mu Xu, Yin Huang, Lingling Xu, Jianfei Lai, Shengjun Qian
To ensure sufficient bandwidth, a proper 5G Wi-Fi frequency bandwidth needs to be selected. In addition, the limited channels must be properly planned. 5 GHz Wi-Fi supports four frequency bandwidths: 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, and 160 MHz, which support different rates. Currently, most VR terminals in the market support 2 × 2 MIMO. Figure 4.16 shows the maximum theoretical rates of different frequency bandwidths in different modulation and coding scheme (MCS) standards in the case of 2 × 2 MIMO.
The Effects of Vibration Patterns of Take-Over Request and Non-Driving Tasks on Taking-Over Control of Automated Vehicles
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2018
The properties of tactile signals, including frequency, amplitude, duration, rhythm, body location, and spatiotemporal patterns (Brewster & Brown, 2004), must be thoroughly understood before they may be used appropriately to convey information to a driver. Auditory signals in the ranges of 20–20,000 Hz are perceivable. However, the sensitivity of human skin to the frequency of tactile signals is much lower. Generally speaking, humans can perceive vibrations in the range of 20–1,000 Hz, but maximum sensitivity occurs in the range of 150–300 Hz (peak at ~250 Hz) (Gescheider, Bolanowski, Pope, & Verrillo, 2002; Gescheider, Bolanowski, & Verrillo, 2004; Gunther & O’Modhrain, 2003). Existing studies have also examined the discrimination of vibration frequencies using tactors on the fingertips or forearms of the body. For example, Sherrick (1985) concluded that humans could only differentiate among five levels of vibrational frequency in the range of 2–300 Hz. Rothenberg, Verrillo, Zahorian, Brachman, and Verrillo (1977) showed a discriminability of seven steps on the forearm and to 10 steps on the fingertip between 10 and 90 Hz. Pongrac (2008) found seven differentiable levels between 100 and 700 Hz. Štrbac et al. (2016) found that subjects could discriminate four frequency levels between 4 and 100 Hz. Moreover, a change in vibrational amplitude can lead to a change in perception of the frequency (Brewster & Brown, 2004). Given a certain vibrational frequency, sensitivity to the frequency will increase with increasing vibrational amplitude (Morley & Rowe, 1990).