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Media Resource Control Protocol Version 2
Published in Radhika Ranjan Roy, Handbook on Networked Multipoint Multimedia Conferencing and Multistream Immersive Telepresence using SIP, 2020
Here, delta-seconds is a decimal time value specifying the number of seconds since the instant when the message response or data was received by the server. The different cache-directive options allow the client to ask the server to override the default cache expiration mechanisms: max-age: Indicates that the client can tolerate the server using content whose age is no greater than the specified time in seconds. Unless a “max-stale” directive is also included, the client is not willing to accept a response based on stale data.min-fresh: Indicates that the client is willing to accept a server response with cached data whose expiration is no less than its current age plus the specified time in seconds. If the server’s cache time-to-live exceeds the client-supplied min-fresh value, the server MUST NOT utilize cached content.max-stale: Indicates that the client is willing to allow a server to utilize cached data that has exceeded its expiration time. If “max-stale” is assigned a value, then the client is willing to allow the server to use cached data that has exceeded its expiration time by no more than the specified number of seconds. If no value is assigned to “max-stale,” then the client is willing to allow the server to use stale data of any age.
Practical Audio Interfacing
Published in Francis Rumsey, John Watkinson, Digital Interface Handbook, 2013
Francis Rumsey, John Watkinson
An important proposal was made and adopted by a number of European broadcasters12, which replaced the local sample address code in bytes 14–17 of channel status with four bytes of conventional SMPTE/EBU timecode. These bytes contained the BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) time values for hours, minutes, seconds and frames, as replayed from the device in question, in the following manner: Byte 14 = frames (a four-bit BCD value for both tens and units of frames)Byte 15 = seconds (ditto for seconds)Byte 16 = minutes (ditto for minutes)Byte 17 = hours (ditto for hours)
Evaluation of the effectiveness of nonthermal plasma disinfection
Published in Environmental Technology, 2020
YuJung Chen, YungChih Chen, WeiChieh Chung, BaoShun Tong, Moo Been Chang
The survival curve represents the decrease rate of bacterial colonies achieved with disinfection. Survival curves indicate not only disinfection efficiency but also decimal time which is also known as D-value. However, the survival curve does not give us the baseline information on the original colony number for comparison. Therefore, the disinfection efficiency is expressed by the germicidal effect in this study. The germicidal effect (GE) is defined as Equation (1):where N0 and N represent colony forming units (CFU/mL) of controlled and disinfected set, respectively.