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Alternate Feedstocks
Published in James G. Speight, Refinery Feedstocks, 2020
Briefly, a cord of wood is a stack of wood comprising 128 cubic feet (3.62 m3) – the standard dimensions of the cord are 4 feet by 4 feet by 8 feet, including air space and bark and one cord contains approximately 1.2 U.S. tons (oven-dry) which is equivalent to 2,400 pounds (1,089 kg).
The LIBRA Experiment: Investigating Robust Tritium Accountancy in Molten FLiBe Exposed to a D-T Fusion Neutron Spectrum
Published in Fusion Science and Technology, 2023
Sara E. Ferry, Kevin B. Woller, Ethan E. Peterson, Caroline Sorensen, Dennis G. Whyte
Sparge and sweep gas systems are used to remove T directly from the salt and tank interstitial, respectively, for detection and collection (Fig. 3b). Sparging nozzles at the bottom of the tank bubble inert gas (-mm diameter) through the FLiBe and carry T (in the more insoluble form of T2 or HT; see Sec. IV.B) to the cover gas in the tank headspace above the salt. The cover gas is then exhausted to a continuous T detection system that cumulatively quantifies the extracted T. LIBRA will use a variable He/H2 mixture as the sparge and sweep gas. A controllable HF flow will be integrated into the sparge gas line to enable in situ hydrofluorination, as this is the standard method of FLiBe purification in the studies described in Sec. II.A. Temperature control will be accomplished with high-temperature heating cords within the interstitial volume and thermocouples in the FLiBe.
Advanced cuff pressure control ventilation (ACPCV); a bench study of a new concept of mechanical ventilation
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2021
Ryota Higeno, Akinori Uchiyama, Yusuke Enokidani, Yuji Fujino
Although the ordinary ETT is equipped with a tracheal ETT cuff, which continuously seals the trachea, a smaller ETT is used to allow the exhaust of the gas around the ETT in ACPCV (Figure 1). In case the ETT cuff volume could be appropriately controlled during the expiratory phase, some leakage of expiratory gas flow around the ETT is allowed to exhale the gas through the vocal cords and to achieve the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level of the tracheal pressure (Ptr). During the inspiratory phase, the cuff is inflated to seal the trachea as the usual MV. Ptr is measured to control the ETT cuff volume in ACPCV. The ETT cuff is inflated and deflated using a small syringe filled with helium gas.
Effect of membrane type on the behavior of nitrifying membrane aerated biofilms: silicone membranes vs. micromembrane cords
Published in Environmental Technology, 2022
Emily Clements, Patricia Perez Calleja, Lara Grotz, Robert Nerenberg
Larger bench scale reactors, each with a volume of 750 mL, with bundles of membranes of each type (silicone and micromembrane cords), were used to determine the reactors’ ammonium oxidation fluxes for a wide range of operating conditions. COD removal was not addressed in this study. The reactors were fabricated and provided by SUEZ. Two reactors, one for each type of membrane, were operated in parallel under carefully controlled conditions in the laboratory. The results of these experiments were used to validate a mathematical model, as described in Section 2.7.