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Application of AI in Smart Cities
Published in Om Prakash Jena, Sudhansu Shekhar Patra, Mrutyunjaya Panda, Zdzislaw Polkowski, S. Balamurugan, Industrial Transformation, 2022
Mehtab Alam, Ihtiram Raza Khan
Smart transportation can help in making huge improvement in the way the passengers commute and travel in the dense urban cities. It can further help municipalities in saving costs and providing better quality services to the citizens, and in managing better safety and security of the citizens. Smart transportation uses technologies like sensors, actuators and internet to provide access to smarter, safer and faster travel. Smart transportation will help in reducing pollution as well (Rathore et al. 2015). Smart transportation will also help in fighting pandemics and diseases and help in smart tourism (Alam and Parveen 2021, COVID-19 and Tourism).
Behavioral Approaches For Combating Aggressive Driving
Published in Dušan Teodorović, The Routledge Handbook of Transportation, 2015
David L. Wiesenthal, James E. W. Roseborough, Christine M. Wickens
Kazdin (2009) described important characteristics of “wicked problems” which are problems that require novel ways of thinking, evaluation, and intervention strategies. As such, this approach may prove useful in dealing with the problem of aggressive driving. Aggressive driving may be conceptualized as resulting from a series of intersecting trends. Increased automobile ownership, limited highway facilities, inadequate mass transportation have all contributed to highway congestion. Congestion has increased the number of drivers competing for quick commutes who may behave aggressively due to the delays they encounter, along with other stressors like heat, noise, odors, etc. Drivers are experiencing longer commuting times as they live at increasing distances from workplaces. Stress and budgetary crises have resulted in declining maintenance of existing highways and restrictions in building additional roadways, further increasing the stresses experienced by motorists. Other “wicked problems” stem from political and economic challenges in building efficient mass transit systems and in resistance to flexible working times. Given the abundance of environmental contributors to roadway stresses and the variety of motives for engaging in aggressive driving, it seems reasonable to suggest a multifaceted approach in dealing with roadway aggression that draws upon engineering, policing, psychology, and vehicle design. Such an approach would have a greater likelihood of success because each of the techniques that have been implemented targets different motivational roots and offers diverse strategies. No single solution will likely be effective in reducing aggressive behavior. Thus, it is important to consider public education initiatives, enhanced enforcement techniques, incentive programs, teaching stress reduction techniques, and other potential initiatives. Another matter to be considered is how society will be able to judge when aggressive driving is no longer a problem. Like other “wicked problems,” it is likely always to be present to some extent and all that might be hoped for would be a reduction in the frequency and severity of aggressive driving encounters.
Exploring influence mechanism of bikesharing on the use of public transportation — a case of Shanghai
Published in Transportation Letters, 2023
Guangnian Xiao, Yu Xiao, Anning Ni, Chunqin Zhang, Fang Zong
The distribution of public transportation travel distance of users and non-users of bikesharing is shown in Figure 2. It can be seen that a higher proportion of bikesharing users use public transportation for long-distance trips. We set the travel distance within 5 kilometers as short-commute and the travel distance beyond 5 kilometers as long-commute. For respondents who use shared bikes, short-commute account for 73.70% and long-commute account for 26.30%. For respondents who do not use shared bikes, short-commute accounted for 83.02% and long-commute accounted for 16.98%.
Degree of Dieudonné determinant defines the order of nonlinear system
Published in International Journal of Control, 2019
Ü. Kotta, J. Belikov, M. Halás, A. Leibak
We recall below the definition of Dieudonné determinant and some properties of it (Artin, 1957). Since is an Ore ring, it can be embedded into a skew field , called the field of left fractions of . We extend the notion of degree to the fractions in a natural way. If , then define . Write for a multiplicative group of , containing all non-zero elements of . If multiplication of matrix elements do not commute, the value of the standard determinant is not unique but depends on the order of factors in multiplication. To overcome the difficulty, a standard approach in algebra is to compute the determinant in some commutative substructure. In the case of the Dieudonné determinant, this is done with the help of quotient group . Note that is generated by the elements . From direct computation ; therefore, ab and ba differ from each other only by the multiple . Obviously, . When one constructs the quotient group of modulo , this means that the elements of the subgroup should be taken as equal. Since one has to choose the representative in this subgroup, 1 is the simplest choice.
Trip chaining of bicycle and car commuters: an empirical analysis of detours to secondary activities
Published in Transportmetrica A: Transport Science, 2022
Florian Schneider, Winnie Daamen, Serge Hoogendoorn
In the remainder of this paper, we first introduce the theoretical reflections that underlie this analysis. Then, we explain the commute tour data set in Section 3. Subsequently, the employed statistical model is described in Section 4. Finally, the results are shown and discussed in Section 5, before drawing conclusions in Section 6.