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The application of formal beauty law in the design of urban public environmental facilities
Published in Artde D.K.T. Lam, Stephen D. Prior, Siu-Tsen Shen, Sheng-Joue Young, Liang-Wen Ji, Engineering Innovation and Design, 2019
Xiaoyan Zhang, Yunshan Wang, Kun Wu, Ming Hong
Symmetry is widely used in architectural design, pattern design and other fields. The most common forms of symmetry are left and right (up and down) symmetry and radiation symmetry. Left-right symmetry, with the central line as the axis of symmetry, both sides of the line are exactly the same. Radial symmetry takes the form of a central point, where all the expenses are aligned from it to a certain angle of emission. The flowers and windmills we see in our daily life are radically symmetrical. Symmetry gives people a static and orderly beauty, giving them a simple and complete visual impression. In general, symmetrical things make people feel stable and comfortable, but if they are not used properly, it is easy to cause people to be mentally inflexible.
Development of an aerosol sampler for pressurized systems and its application to investigate the effect of residence time on PM1 formation in a 15 bar oxy-coal combustor
Published in Aerosol Science and Technology, 2021
Dishant Khatri, Zhiwei Yang, Tainxiang Li, Richard L. Axelbaum
To design the axisymmetric geometry, Equation (4) was solved for the velocity profile u0(x) along the central line of the chamber. The potential flow streamlines were calculated, and one of the streamlines was selected as the axisymmetric expansion chamber wall. Ideally, the flow along this wall would be expanding (or contracting) without any circulation, neglecting viscous effects. The calculations were carried out for u0 = 1.2 m/s (which corresponds to a 3.5 LPM flowrate) and S (area ratio of the maximum to the minimum width of the chamber) = 6.8. With this information, a relationship between the radius of the expansion chamber (r) with distance (x) was obtained. This same r vs. x relationship was mirrored for the downstream contraction. A schematic of the axisymmetric expansion chamber is shown in Figure 3.
Strength and stability studies of ring-stiffened circular cylindrical shells using self-organising maps (SOM) and data mining analysis
Published in Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, 2020
The parallel coordinate chart is a way of displaying multivariate data. All the variables selected (including 6 attributes) will be plotted on the same chart. It is helpful to quickly evaluate designs whose variables are in a particular range. This type of chart allows the creation of a filter for the selection of the most interesting solutions in the database. The patterns of variables in different clusters are listed in Figure 9. Note that the dimensional constraints have been added to the ranges of each design variable in Table 1. The range of each input variable coordinates in Figure 9 is slightly different from the range in Table 1. The cluster information obtained from the hierarchical analysis is shown in this figure. The clutter (i.e. overlapping) problem can be avoided by adding cluster information in a different colour. The mean of each cluster is expressed as a thick centre line, whereas the confidence interval is represented as bandwidth. The central line gives the value of each variable for the centroid of the cluster. The centroid is the average value of the points for the cluster, while the width represents the range of the variable values in each cluster. The data in these clusters have their own statistical features. For example, the frame instability of Cluster III is the highest among 5 clusters, while the stresses in the frame are the lowest.
Automatic visibility evaluation method for application in virtual prototyping environment
Published in International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2019
Weiwei Wu, Xiaodong Shao, Huanling Liu
represents the plane passing through the central line of sight and the reflection ray , represents the intersecting line between and the view-region model. The angle between the reflection ray and the central line of sight is denoted by , the angle between the intersecting line and the central line of sight is denoted by . If , the triangular mesh is inside the view-region. Otherwise, is outside the view-region and is invisible.