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Cartograms
Published in Terry A. Slocum, Robert B. McMaster, Fritz C. Kessler, Hugh H. Howard, Thematic Cartography and Geovisualization, 2022
Terry A. Slocum, Robert B. McMaster, Fritz C. Kessler, Hugh H. Howard
A rectangular cartogram is created by sizing rectangles representing enumeration units as a function of the attribute being mapped. As with contiguous cartograms, an attempt is made to maintain the topology of the enumeration units. A classic example created by Erwin Raisz (1934) is shown in Figure 20.7, where the population of the United States by state has been mapped for 1930. Raisz made the following argument for creating a rectangular cartogram:If a way could be found to increase the scale of the northeastern region and reduce that of the west, distribution could be shown more clearly. Simple distortion of the map would be misleading, but, if we go a step farther, discard altogether the outlines of the country, and give each region a rectangular from of size proportional to the value represented, we arrive at the rectangular statistical cartogram. (From p. 292 of “The rectangular statistical cartogram” by E. Raisz, The Geographical Review 1934, copyright © the American Geographical Society of New York, reprinted by permission of Taylor & Francis Ltd, http://www.tandfonline.com on behalf of the American Geographical Society of New York.)
Making maps with R
Published in Robin Lovelace, Jakub Nowosad, Jannes Muenchow, Geocomputation with R, 2019
Robin Lovelace, Jakub Nowosad, Jannes Muenchow
A cartogram is a map in which the geometry is proportionately distorted to represent a mapping variable. Creation of this type of map is possible in R with cartogram, which allows for creating continuous and non-contiguous area cartograms. It is not a mapping package per se, but it allows for construction of distorted spatial objects that could be plotted using any generic mapping package.
Usability of value-by-alpha maps compared to area cartograms and proportional symbol maps
Published in Journal of Spatial Science, 2019
Peichao Gao, Zhilin Li, Zhe Qin
Three sets of experimental maps were created based on these three data-sets, as shown in Figures 3–5 (scaled version) and the supplemental materials (original version). Each of these sets contains four maps, namely, a black value-by-alpha map, a white value-by-alpha map, a bivariate area cartogram and a bivariate proportional map.