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Designing for Hand and Wrist Anatomy
Published in Karen L. LaBat, Karen S. Ryan, Human Body, 2019
Handedness is the preference and skillfulness of using one hand instead of the other, so a person is right-handed or left-handed. The preferred hand is the dominant hand. Most people are right-handed. Very few people are ambidextrous with equal skill using either hand (Smits, 2011). Because use of an extremity influences the growth and, therefore, the mature size of the limb, the dominant hand is usually slightly larger (Mueller & Mulaf, 2002; Turner & Pavalko, 1998). Choose ready-to-wear gloves and mittens, constructed as right-left mirror images, by fitting the product to the dominant hand. Medical splints, custom made to fit the hand, are formed to the morphology of the person’s left and/or right hand. Baseball catchers’ mitts fit a catcher’s preferred catching hand. Some ambidextrous pitchers use a glove designed with six fingers in the mitt that can be worn on either hand.
Effects of photoswitching in complex partially ordered systems
Published in Liquid Crystals Reviews, 2020
Zep et al. studied photoswitching in the HNF phase formed by azobenzene-based dimers with flexible alkyl spacers (Figure 10) [62]. Although rod-shaped homologues with even-number spacer tend to form smectic phases, the odd-number bend-shapedconformers form HNF phase and exhibit strong gelation in solvents. UV irradiation of the HNF samples resulted in a reversible melting of the HNF into the isotropic phase. Surprisingly, the reverse transition upon removal of UV occurs directly to the HNF phase even if the higher temperature phase is smectic. Choi et al. demonstrated circular-polarisation-induced enantiomeric excess in a compound similar to that in [62]. Without UV irradiation, the compound forms an ambidextrous dark conglomerate texture with chiral domains of opposite handedness. Exposing the sample to circularly polarised light, the authors observed an increase of the circular dichroism of the sample and the formation of the excess of chiral domains of a given handedness. The handedness was determined by the handedness of the polarised light.