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Big Data Analysis and Management in Healthcare
Published in Qurban A. Memon, Shakeel Ahmed Khoja, Data Science, 2019
R. Dhaya, M. Devi, R. Kanthavel, Fahad AlGarni
Data is based on information from all resident death certificates filed in the 50 states and in the District of Columbia using demographic and medical characteristics. Age-adjusted death rates (per 100,000 populations) are based on the 2000 U.S. standard population. Populations used for computing death rates after 2010 are postnasal estimates based on the 2010 census, estimated as of July 1, 2010. Rates for census years are based on populations enumerated in the corresponding censuses. Rates for noncensus years before 2010 are revised using updated intercostal population estimates and may differ from the rates previously published.
Transport modes and road traffic mortality in the Americas: Deaths among pedestrian and motorcycle users through the lifespan
Published in International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2020
Andrés Villaveces, Antonio Sanhueza, Carlos Felipe Henríquez Roldán, José Antonio Escamilla-Cejudo, Eugênia M. S. Rodrigues
Data analysis included descriptive statistics by country, subregion and Region. For between country and between subregions comparisons we used age-adjusted mortality rates, using as standard population the WHO world population age-structure constructed for the period 2000–2025. The use of an average world population, as well as a time series of observations, removes the effects of historical events such as wars and famine on population age composition (Ahmad et al., 2001). We calculated crude mortality rates using the number of deaths in transport crashes as numerators and the annual mid-period population by age in 8 categories (less than 15, 15–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64, 65–74, and 75 or more), and sex as the denominator, using data provided by the United Nations Population Division (United Nations Population Division, 2019).
Reconnoitering the linkage between cardiovascular disease mortality and long-term exposures to outdoor environmental factors in the USA using remotely-sensed data
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2018
Ashraf Z. Al-Hamdan, Pooja P. Preetha, Mohammad Z. Al-Hamdan, William L. Crosson, Reem N. Albashaireh
In this study, we used county-level age-adjusted average total CVD mortality rate per 100,000 as the dependent variable of the statistical models described later. The total CVD mortality rate includes deaths due to coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac dysrhythmia, heart failure, hypertension, ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. The average total CVD mortality rate value per 100,000 for every county was calculated over the period of 2005–2011 for every population subgroup. The county-level age-adjusted total CVD mortality rate data for 3,094 counties within the US between the years 2005 and 2011 (n > 3,780,000 CVD deaths) were obtained from the CDC's Interactive Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke database.[51] The age-adjusted rates were used in the analysis of this study because CVD death rates change with age and are compared in different populations. Age adjustment (i.e., age standardization) is a technique used to allow populations to be compared when the age profiles of the populations are different. An age-adjusted rate is a weighted average of the age-specific rates, where the weights are the proportions of persons in the corresponding age groups of a standard million population.[52] The age-adjusted rates of CVD are calculated with age distribution ratios from the Year 2000 projected U.S. population, and the rates are shown per 100,000 population. Furthermore, these age-adjusted rates are determined by multiplying the age-specific rate for each age group by the corresponding weight from the specified standard population, then summing across all age groups, and then multiplying this result by 100,000.