Review of energy-consumption measuring techniques for the flotation process
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2018
Gan Cheng, Chuanxiang Zhang, Yijun Cao, Zhendong Jiang
Piezoelectric sensors and torque sensors are often used to measure the fluid in the flotation process. A piezoelectric sensor is a device that uses the piezoelectric effect to measure changes in pressure, acceleration, temperature, strain, or force by converting the signal into an electrical charge. Therefore, the velocity fluctuation of the fluid and the local energy dissipation are related to the voltage output signal. A torque sensor is a device for measuring and recording the torque in a rotating system such as an engine, crankshaft, gearbox, transmission, rotor, bicycle crank, or cap torque tester. It is relatively easy to measure static torque. On the other hand, it is a bit difficult to measure dynamic torque since it normally requires the transfer of some effect (electric or magnetic) from the shaft whose torque is being measured to a static system.