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Temporal and Spatial Dispersion Engineering Using Metamaterial Concepts and Structures
Published in Douglas H. Werner, Broadband Metamaterials in Electromagnetics, 2017
Shulabh Gupta, Mohamed Ahmed Salem, Christophe Caloz
The dispersive element with a transfer function H(ω) in Fig. 5.1, which manipulates the spectral components of the input signal in the time domain, is the core of an ASP system and is called a phaser [Gupta et al. (2015a); Caloz et al. (2013)]. A phaser “phases” as a filter: It modifies the phase of the input signal following phase— or more fundamentally group delay—specifications, with some magnitude considerations, just in the same way as a filter modifies the magnitude of the input signal following magnitude specifications, with some phase considerations. An ideal phaser exhibits an arbitrary group delay with flat and lossless magnitude over a given frequency band. The first phasers were inspired from metamaterial CRLH lines exploiting their inherently dispersive and broadband characteristics of these structures [Gupta and Caloz (2009); Caloz (2009)]. Since then various types of phasers have been reported in the literature based on two-port network approaches, realized in transmission lines and waveguide technologies [Gupta et al. (2012); Zhang et al. (2012, 2013); Gupta et al. (2010, 2013, 2015a)] and good review is available in [Caloz et al. (2013)].
Sound-Making Techniques
Published in Russ Martin, Sound Synthesis and Sampling, 2012
Phasers and flangers are variations on the chorus effect, with a mixing of an undelayed with a delayed audio signal, but with feedback from the output to the input. Phasers use a phase shift circuit, whilst flangers use a time delay circuit. In both cases, cancellations occur when the delayed and undelayed audio signals are out of phase, and so a series of narrow cancellation ‘notches’ are formed in the audio spectrum. The spectrum looks like a comb, and these filters are sometimes known as ‘comb’ filters. As the phase shift or time delay is changed by an LFO, the notches move up and down in frequency. Phasers produce notches that are harmonically related because they are related to the phase of the audio signal, whilst flangers produce notches that have a constant frequency difference because they are related to the time delay.
Effects
Published in Rick Snoman, Dance Music Manual, 2019
Phasers are digital effects that divide the incoming signal into two copies and shift the phase of one before recombining it with the original signal again. This results in an effect similar to flanging but not as powerful.
Influence of strontium dopant on bioactivity and osteoblast activity of spray pyrolyzed strontium-doped mesoporous bioactive glasses.
Published in Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 2021
Yu-Chieh Fei, Liu-Gu Chen, Chao-Kuang Kuo, Yu-Jen Chou
First, examinations of phase information were carried out with XRD (D2 Phaser, Bruker, Germany) for undoped and Sr-doped MBG specimens. The XRD patterns were acquired with a wavelength of 1.54 Å using a Ni-filtered Cu-Kα source. Next, the particle morphologies and mesoporous structures were observed by both SEM (6500 F, JEOL, Japan) and TEM (Tecnai G2 F20, FEI, United States). Meanwhile, the particle sizes and shape proportions were calculated from several SEM images sampling around 300 particles to ensure its reliability. In addition, the BET method was used to measure the specific surface areas of all MBG specimens. By degassing the MBG specimens at 150°C for 3 h, the degassed specimens were placed on a nitrogen adsorption/desorption device (Novatouch LX2, Quantachrome Instruments, United States) and all isotherms were recorded at −196°C.
Effects of heat treatment on the properties of Co–P–TiO2 nanocomposite coatings
Published in Surface Engineering, 2020
Zhen He, Di Cao, Fangcheng Cao, Shengping Zhang, Yuxin Wang
The structural transition throughout the heating process was determined using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC, Diamond, PE, USA). The peeled Co–P–TiO2 coating was tested in the argon atmosphere at a heating rate of 10°C min−1. The phase constituents of the electrodeposited Co–P–TiO2 were analysed using the D2 Phaser X-ray Diffraction (XRD, Bruker, Germany) with a Cu Kα radiation. The diffraction patterns in the 2θ range from 20° to 90° were recorded at a scanning step of 0.02o. The morphologic observation was carried out using an optical microscope (Axioskop2-MAT, Zeiss, Germany). The three-dimensional surface morphology was rebuilt using the 3D Roughness Reconstruction software embedded in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Phenom Pro X, the Netherlands). Based on the different morphologic information received in different backscatter electron (BSE) detector areas, the 3D Roughness Reconstruction software can establish a three-dimensional image for the sample surface. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) tests were performed by the EDS detector equipped in a Gemini 300 SEM machine (Zeiss, Germany).
Multi-material additive manufacturing of low sintering temperature Bi2Mo2O9 ceramics with Ag floating electrodes by selective laser burnout
Published in Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2020
Reza Gheisari, Henry Chamberlain, George Chi-Tangyie, Shiyu Zhang, Athanasios Goulas, Chih-Kuo Lee, Tom Whittaker, Dawei Wang, Annapoorani Ketharam, Avishek Ghosh, Bala Vaidhyanathan, Will Whittow, Darren Cadman, Yiannis C. Vardaxoglou, Ian M. Reaney, Daniel S. Engstrøm
Micrographs were collected using a JEOL 7800F scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Powders samples were characterised using the same SEM device and a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 laser diffraction based particle size analyser. The phase assemblage of sintered bodies identified using Bruker D2 PHASER X-ray diffractometer. TGA analysis for the dried slurry was carried out with a TA Instruments Q5000 IR. Compression test was performed using a an Instron 3369 for samples of 10 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm. In addition to density measurements which was performed using Archimedes technique, percentage of porosity was calculated by using ImageJ software that converted images into a binary code. εr for the Bi2Mo2O9 samples of 22.86 mm in length, 10.16 mm in width and 1.5 mm in height were obtained using Anritsu ShockLine Vector Network Analyzers (MS46522B) between 8 and 12 GHz. BMO pellets were also measured using the TE01δ dielectric resonator method with a vector network analyser (R3767CH, Advantest Corporation, Tokyo, Japan).