China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Input/Output Bank Programming and Interfacing
Published in A. Arockia Bazil Raj, FPGA-Based Embedded System Developer's Guide, 2018
In general, the construction of a dot-matrix display consists of a matrix of LEDs arranged in a rectangular configuration. Any individual LED or group of LEDs in the matrix can be activated by switching the required number of rows and columns. The character or graph can be displayed in a dot-matrix display just by switching particular LEDs on/off with the proper time delay. Commercially available dot-matrix displays are 7 × 5, 8 × 8, 7 × 15 and so on. For example, in Figure 5.2, if R1 is made high and C1 is made low, only the top-left LED (addressed R1C1) will glow. As a demonstration, let us see how we can display a character “A” using this dot-matrix display. The state diagram required to send the necessary row and column data (logic levels) to display this character is given in Figure 5.3.
Consumer Receivers
Published in Scott Wright, The Broadcaster's Guide to RDS, 1997
There are wide variations in the features and implementation of RDS receivers. From the preceding list you should be able to construct a shopping list of features that are desirable. You can tell a lot about the radio you are looking at by a few simple criteria. The first thing to examine is the display. The display is probably the most expensive component of an RDS capable receiver; look for the following items: Number of characters in the display. An RDS receiver requires at least eight alphanumeric characters. The program service name, program type code, and program type name features are all up to eight characters in length. If you are choosing a receiver with the radiotext feature, then a display with more than eight characters is desirable since it will allow the message to be more easily read when displaying long-text messages.2. Display type. Either a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) or Vacuum Fluorescent (VF) display are typically used. LCDs come in a variety of types and colors. VF displays will typically be blue-green in color against a black background. Generally speaking, a VF display is more readable at longer distances and sharper viewing angles than an LCD. Large VF displays are also generally more expensive than LCDs, often due to the need for a DC/DC converter to obtain the proper grid voltages.3. Type of character generation. The two basic types of text character generation are British flag and dot matrix, as shown in Figure 6.4. These displays are typified by the following characteristics: British flag displays create each character through either fourteen or sixteen segments. Because the character area resembles a British flag when you turn it on its side and all segments are illuminated, this display is named as it is. The British flag display is typically harder to read than a dot matrix display but is less costìy to produce.Dot matrix displays create each character by illuminating the proper combination of dots within an array. The most common array size is five columns wide by seven rows deep and is often referred to as a "five by seven" (or 5 X 7) display. This type of display produces characters that are finer in detail and easier to read, especially at a distance. It is typically more expensive, since many more segments must be controlled.
Preparation and applications of the epoxy resin-based polymer- stabilised cholesteric liquid crystal films with microcracks at the surface
Published in Liquid Crystals, 2023
Yongxing Guo, Jinghua Zhao, Yi Li, Wei Liu, Yonggang Yang
Moreover, a PSCG film was prepared using a 2D grating mask at the polymerisation temperatures of 90 and 80°C, subsequently. The POM images taken in reflection mode indicated the colours of the dot and background were different (Figure 7(b)). Namely, lights with different wavelength were reflected. Two selective Bragg reflection bands were identified at 610 and 536 nm in the UV-vis spectrum (Figure S8, Supporting Information). Lots of microcracks were identified at the surfaces of the film (Figure S9a, Supporting Information). When the PSCG film was placed in front of a computer screen with a white background, the interference between the pixel dots on the screen and the grating dot matrix led to the observation of a two-dimensional grid image (Figure S9b, Supporting Information). When two grating films were stacked together with a twist angle, a similar image was identified (Figure S9c, Supporting Information). This phenomenon is known as Moire pattern. Moreover, the PSCLC film with rainbow colours was prepared by controlling the temperature (Figure 7(c)).
Design and implementation of CCD image-based DNA chip scanner with automatic focus calibration
Published in Systems Science & Control Engineering, 2019
The repeatability error of focus calibration refers to the consistency of the obtained fluorescence images when the focus calibration is from the same position. It is measured by the average pixel value of the fluorescence dot matrix in the fluorescence image (the image bit depth is 16 bits). The repeatability error is calculated as (Hart, Zhao, Garg, Bolusani, & Marcotte, 2017) Where and are the maximum and minimum respectively, is the average of the average pixel values, and n is the number of calibrations.