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Advances in the Processing and Fabrication of Bioinspired Materials and Implications by Way of Applications
Published in T. S. Srivatsan, T. S. Sudarshan, K. Manigandan, Manufacturing Techniques for Materials, 2018
Lakshminath Kundanati, Nicola M. Pugno
Laser lithography is another type of photolithography technique in which a laser energy source is used instead of optical source. The use of ultrafast laser processing techniques appears to offer the ability to reach high throughput in combination with good resolution (Malinauskas et al. 2016). With recent advances, femtosecond pulsed laser was used to make patterns on a glass plate that can further be used as a master for creating patterns using polymeric materials (Liu et al. 2012). Direct laser writing is a variation of laser lithography that eliminates the need of recoating or layer-by-layer fabrication and also has the advantage of superior resolution (Mishra 2015). The advances in 3D laser lithography and its compatibility with computer-aided design modeling has enabled one to create negatives of diatoms that were further used to fabricate 3D replicas of diatoms (Belegratis et al. 2014). Using 3D laser lithography that is based on two-photon polymerization of a photoresist surface, a complex 3D pattern was created that mimicked the morphology of aquatic fern (Salvinia molesta) leaves (Tricinci et al. 2015). In a recent study, three-beam and four-beam laser interference lithography techniques were used to fabricate 3D hierarchical structures (Hu et al. 2016).
Effect of the fibre length on the mechanical anisotropy of glass fibre–reinforced polymer composites printed by Multi Jet Fusion
Published in Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2022
Xiaojiang Liu, Wei Shian Tey, Pengfei Tan, Kah Kit Leong, Jiayao Chen, Yujia Tian, Adrian Ong, Lihua Zhao, Kun Zhou
Over the past decades, additive manufacturing (also known as three-dimensional (3D) printing) techniques, such as fused deposition modelling (FDM) (Liao et al. 2018; Vaezi and Yang 2015), stereolithography (Han et al. 2018), selected laser melting (Yap et al. 2015), selective laser sintering (SLS) (Yuan et al. 2018), direct ink writing (DIW) (Zhang et al. 2020), digital light process (Zhao et al. 2018), and direct laser writing (Liu et al. 2021), have experienced explosive development because they can conveniently produce 3D complex objects for wide applications in biomedical engineering, aerospace, automotive, electronics, and robotics (Han et al. 2020; Yuan et al. 2019; Parandoush and Lin 2017; Yan et al. 2020). Among these techniques, FDM and SLS allow line-by-line and layer-by-layer fabrication of 3D products using materials from thermoplastic poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) (Yang et al. 2017), polyphenylene sulfide (Fitzharris et al. 2018), polypropylene (Spoerk et al. 2018), polyamide (PA) (Craft et al. 2018), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) (Zou et al. 2016), poly(lactic) acid (Kotsilkova et al. 2019), and poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) (Arai et al. 2018).
Electrohydrodynamic printing of sub-microscale fibrous architectures with improved cell adhesion capacity
Published in Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2020
Bing Zhang, Jiankang He, Qi Lei, Dichen Li
Several micro/nano-manufacturing techniques such as two photon polymerisation and direct laser writing have been explored to create sub-microscale features for tissue engineering applications (Mandt et al. 2018; Limongi et al. 2017). For instance, Mandt et al. (2018). reported the fabrication of high-resolution hydrogel structures by using two photon polymerisation, which served as a bioengineered placental barrier for the replicating of transcellular transport process in vitro (Mandt et al. 2018). Direct laser writing allows the construction of readily assembled structures with sub-100 nm resolution for diverse applications such as biomedical implants, microfluidics and tissue engineering scaffolds (Selimis, Mironov, and Farsari 2015). However, these sub-microscale fabrication techniques commonly rely on expensive optical systems to solidify photosensitive biopolymers, which limit their wide applications to various biopolymers in tissue engineering. Therefore, it is thus necessary to explore novel sub-microscale manufacturing techniques with biocompatible materials at relatively low costs.