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IoT Blockchain Integration
Published in Mohiuddin Ahmed, Abu S. S. M. Barkat Ullah, Al-Sakib Khan Pathan, Security Analytics for the Internet of Everything, 2020
Kazım Rıfat Özyılmaz, Arda Yurdakul
Zero-knowledge proofs are becoming widely used in blockchain domain for ensuring both privacy and security. By using zero-knowledge proofs, it is possible to create non-traceable transactions and design a new kind of secure authentication systems. A list of projects that leverage this technology are as follows: ▪ Zcash implemented a digital currency with strong privacy guarantees, leveraging the recent advances in zero-knowledge Succinct Non-interactive ARguments of Knowledge (zk-SNARKs) [61].▪ Bulletproofs is a new non-interactive zero-knowledge proof protocol without a trusted setup that has very short proofs [62].▪ Mimblewimble is a blockchain protocol focused on privacy, scalability, and fungibility in digital transactions [63].▪ Anonymous Zero-knowledge Transactions with Efficient Communication (AZTEC) protocol is aiming to enable private transactions on Ethereum [64].
The Winning Combo
Published in E. Golden Julie, J. Jesu Vedha Nayahi, Noor Zaman Jhanjhi, Blockchain Technology, 2020
Zcash permits straightforward exchanges to oblige for wallets and trades that don’t bolster private exchanges. Zcash addresses are either Z-addresses (private) or T-addresses (straightforward). T-addresses start with a “t” and Z-addresses start with a “z”. The z-to-z exchange shows up on the open blockchain; so it is recognized to have happened and that the expenditure has been paid. In any case, the addresses, exchange sum, and the update field are scrambled and not openly unmistakable. The proprietor of a location may decide to reveal Z-address and exchange subtleties and confided in outsiders using view keys and installment exposure.
Towards Forensics Investigation of Blockchain-based Healthcare Applications
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
Farzeen Zehra, Maha Javed, Muhammad Faraz Hyder, Sheikh Muhammad Ahsan Tariq
One of the main features of many blockchain systems is that they allow the creation of anonymous transactions. This is because every transaction on a public blockchain is recorded on a decentralized ledger that is visible to anyone. Privacy-focused cryptocurrencies like gusto, monero, and zcash provide a high level of secrecy by concealing transaction details using sophisticated cryptographic algorithms. Here the issue that arises is that anonymity in blockchain technology is that it can make it easier to engage in unlawful activities, e.g. money laundering and the distribution of illegal commodities, and identifying those people will be a challenging task for law enforcement officials. Another problem is that secrecy can erode trust and accountability, which makes it difficult for people or organizations to confirm the identity of a counterparty, which could result in fraud or other types of financial abuse. Moreover, anonymous blockchain transactions can also be utilized for tax fraud or other types of financial malfeasance, which may make it simpler for people or organizations to hide their finances and avoid paying fines or other obligations [18].
Blockchain concept to combat drug counterfeiting by increasing supply chain visibility
Published in International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 2022
Lorenz Trautmann, Tim Hübner, Rainer Lasch
For most experts, the consideration of and compliance with data protection and data security are of utmost importance when introducing digital technologies (E2-E4, E7-E9, E12, E14, E18). However, the increased transparency through blockchain raises the question of protecting sensitive data. ‘One point that certainly plays a huge role is the topic of data protection, where we have to deal with it quite intensively and where we also take appropriate precautions and measures' (E3).No uniform data protection mechanism has yet been established for blockchain technology. The high transparency of the blockchain makes the transaction data accessible to all or many users in the network, depending on the type of blockchain. With the help of transaction graph analysis, helpful information can be derived from the transaction data (Ron and Shamir 2013). Private blockchains offer protection of confidential data, but even with this limited version of the blockchain, the problem of data immutability collides with applicable international private law and general data protection regulation (Eickemeyer, Halaszovich, and Lattemann 2018). The more private and protected the blockchain data is in modified blockchains, the higher the level of data protection is. But these blockchain concepts often contradict the basic idea of a transparent and traceable audit trail (Köhler and Müller-Boysen 2018). Another approach to ensuring data protection is the so-called ‘zero-knowledge proof’ used by the cryptocurrency ‘ZCash'. It allows transactions to be verified without disclosing their content. The transaction history only shows that the transaction was correctly executed, while the contract's content remains hidden (Köhler and Müller-Boysen 2018).