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Urban Land Administration—A Digital Paradigm
Published in Rajabifard Abbas, Atazadeh Behnam, Kalantari Mohsen, BIM and Urban Land Administration, 2019
Rajabifard Abbas, Atazadeh Behnam, Kalantari Mohsen
The core module of CityGML is a physical model of 3D urban objects. Nevertheless, many 3D urban applications necessitate extending the feature types, attributes, and relations for a particular purpose. In light of this, there is an extension mechanism in CityGML, which is known as Application Domain Extension (ADE) (Kolbe 2009). An ADE is an application schema for CityGML and is defined in another XML namespace. New types of features are proposed in each ADE and these features could be subtypes for existing feature types. Moreover, existing feature types can be enriched by incorporating new geometries, attributes, and associations. We will now explain those ADEs developed modeling legal objects inside CityGML.
Location Awareness and Navigation in Location-Based Systems
Published in Krzysztof W. Kolodziej, Johan Hjelm, Local Positioning Systems, 2017
Krzysztof W. Kolodziej, Johan Hjelm
Individual organizations can define their own secondary worlds. This gives organizations a great deal of flexibility in providing goods and services and, more broadly, increasing the efficiency of their organization. In one embodiment, a software tool is provided that enables individual organizations to define and maintain their own secondary worlds. Each secondary world can be uniquely identified as a namespace (e.g., an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) namespace). This ensures that any overlap in names between the secondary world and the master world will not result in a collision.
Geographic dependency of identity-associated data
Published in Automatika, 2018
A number of standards in IdM is defined using XML [19], notably SAML [20] and WS-Federation [21]. XML syntax has limitations, but has proven to be of sufficient expressive power for defining protocols of data exchange, and also provides facilities like MTOM [22] and XOP [23] to (relatively) efficiently handle binary data making it acceptable for dealing with identity-associated multimedia data. The provided example modifies the attribute encoded in SAML 2.0 [24] syntax. We choose the attribute streetAddress as defined by X.500 and the SAML’s X.500/LDAP [25] attribute profile. We will expand an attribute’s value into (value, geodomain) pairs that list in which geographic domain which attribute’s value is valid (we call them geodomains here to distinguish from traditional attribute’s domain, i.e. the set of allowed values of the attribute). The example is based on the illustrative example from SAML X.500 LDAP attribute profile standard and uses commonly used XML namespace prefixes xsi: and xsd: for XML Schema Instance and XML Schema (defining types and type definition) namespaces as well the x500: and saml: prefixes to expectedly map SAML assertion definition and SAML’s X.500 attribute profile: