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Cloud computing for big data
Published in Jun Deng, Lei Xing, Big Data in Radiation Oncology, 2019
One of the key technologies enabling Cloud computing is virtualization. Virtualization allows Cloud providers to abstract away the hardware infrastructure and present the user with an array of virtual computers (also known as a virtual machine, or VM) with customizable characteristics (e.g., compute power, memory size, and storage size). A VM is essentially a software program that emulates a computer, in other words, a computer simulation running on a physical computer. This paradigm provides capabilities that are not available when running applications directly on the native hardware. Virtual machines can be created, destroyed, replicated, or migrated to any physical data center connected to the Web on demand. Furthermore, snapshots recapitulating the state of a VM can be acquired and stored to easily recall or duplicate a given VM.
The Future of the Cloud
Published in Marcus K. Weldon, The Future X Network, 2018
Virtualization of computing hardware was first introduced in the 1960s to provide mainframe resources to different applications running simultaneously on the same machine. Today, the virtualization of server hardware is a key enabler of cloud computing systems. Virtual machines (VMs) provide an emulation of a full computing system that executes software in a similar way as a physical system. A VM runs a complete operating system (OS) — the guest OS — and the desired applications and services. multiple VMs are able to run on the same server and each VM is able to run a different OS. Even though VMs share the resources of the server (for example, network interface, disk, CPU) software applications running inside a VM are not aware of this sharing. VM images contain the operating system, application files, and executables needed by the VM and can be booted on any server that has the required resources to create an instance of the VM.
Virtualization
Published in Sunilkumar Manvi, Gopal K. Shyam, Cloud Computing, 2021
Sunilkumar Manvi, Gopal K. Shyam
Fig. 4.1 shows the virtualization architecture. It shows the guest operating system which has the capability to invoke VM instances. The VM is a software computer that, like a physical computer, runs an operating system and applications. The hypervisor serves as a platform for running virtual machines and allows for the consolidation of computing resources. Both these layers are supported by the host operating system layer.
A scalable cloud-based cyberinfrastructure platform for bridge monitoring
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2019
Seongwoon Jeong, Rui Hou, Jerome P. Lynch, Hoon Sohn, Kincho H. Law
IaaS utilities are typically offered in the form of VMs. A VM is a virtualised computing system that emulates the underlying architecture of a physical computer and offers the same functionalities of the physical computer (Smith & Nair, 2005). A VM can be provisioned and configured in minutes and be managed through cloud interfaces offered by a cloud vendor. For example, Figure 2(a) shows the web portal interface of the Microsoft Azure cloud platform1 that shows the information about a VM such as its name, status, operating system (OS) and size. Once provisioned, a VM can be accessed via standard network protocols, such as Secure Shell (SSH) and Secure Copy Protocol (SCP). Figure 2(b) shows the shell interface of a VM on the Azure cloud platform accessed via the SSH protocol. Similar to using a remote server, a VM can be used to gain access to the computing resources and software tools. The SHM cyberinfrastructure platform utilizes VMs to access the computational services, such as distributed database, web servers and engineering software applications.
Energy savings and usability of zero-client computing in office settings
Published in Intelligent Buildings International, 2020
Amanda Farthing, M. Rois Langner, Kim Trenbath
Virtual machine (VM): A software construct that exhibits the behavior of a physical computer (e.g. by running an operating system and applications). A VM is backed by the hardware resources of a host (often, data center servers).