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Functional Segments of GNSS
Published in Basudeb Bhatta, Global Navigation Satellite Systems, 2021
Monitor stations track the satellites continuously and provide tracking information to the master control station. In the master control station, this tracking information is then incorporated into precise satellite orbit and clock correction coefficients; and the master control station forwards them to the upload stations. The upload stations transmit these data to each satellite at least once every day. The satellites then send the orbital information to the GNSS receivers over radio signals. Figure 2.6 illustrates this concept schematically. Earlier, the data from upload stations were transmitted to each satellite; therefore, it was necessary to establish many upload stations around the world. However, today satellites can communicate among them. Thus, data uploaded to a satellite within the vicinity can be sent to a satellite that is not within the vicinity of the upload station. The same applies for the monitoring stations as well. This advancement eliminated the requirement of establishing worldwide ground stations.
Why Won’t They Use Our Model?
Published in Natalie M. Scala, James P. Howard, Handbook of Military and Defense Operations Research, 2020
Walt DeGrange, Wilson L. Price
The situations outlined in Figure 12.1 are examples of how the nodes and arcs of the STP framework may be populated in a given project and not normative ideals. In practice one is likely to find a wide variation in the training and experience of the individuals playing a given role. For example, the Person role may be in the hands of a board-certified industrial psychologist in a firm with a depth of such professionals. Such a professional could conceivably be the overall team leader. This might occur in a firm developing software for public use, such as a touch-screen for an automobile dashboard which must transmit data to the driver without being an intrusive distraction. In other circumstances, the Person role could be managed by an experienced and respected engineer with a deep knowledge of the firm’s Human Resource policies.
IoT: A Business Perspective
Published in Rebecca Lee Hammons, Ronald J. Kovac, Fundamentals of Internet of Things for Non-Engineers, 2019
IoT has had a major impact on how hospitals go about their business. Some hospitals are using the IoT in healthcare to keep the tiniest patients safe and healthy while others are using the technology to keep track of inventory. The diversity of the use of IoT in hospitals is nearly as widespread as the number of hospitals that exist. IoT monitoring, which has become commonplace in many hospitals, allows for a much more efficient use of nursing staff. The use of these monitors enables fewer nurses to closely monitor more patients in a highly effective manner. Hospitals often lose many patients every year due to the fact that hand hygiene standards are not being met. For years, hospitals have tried to find ways to check on the sanitation of their employees’ hands. With IoT, there can be a badge worn on the shirt of the employee which reacts to a monitor set up close to the patient’s bed. This will track the status of hand hygiene and automatically transmit information to a server that may be accessed from the hospital’s dashboard. This allows hospitals the opportunity to actually track employees’ hand hygiene in a real-time environment.
Blockchain-based credible manufacturing data sharing for a collaborative manufacturing supply chain
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2023
Kangqian Zheng, Kai Ding, Jizhuang Hui, Fuqiang Zhang, Jingxiang Lv, Felix T.S. Chan
The application of blockchain technology in supply chains has attracted much attention from both academia and industry. In this study, we have discussed a blockchain-based credible method for sharing manufacturing data among stakeholders in CMSC. The main contributions and innovation of this study can be summarised as follows: A novel six-layer framework of BMDSS is established, and the blockchain-based credible sharing process of core manufacturing data in CMSC is developed.Two automatic data upload algorithms were developed to automatically transmit the UDO data and UDM data from stakeholders in CMSC to the blockchain network, ensuring the reliability of off-chain data sources.Two smart contracts were developed to standardise the storage and query validation processes of UDO data and UDM data on the blockchain network, ensuring the credibility of on-chain data sharing.
Investigating Offshore Helicopter Pilots’ Cognitive Load and Physiological Responses during Simulated In-Flight Emergencies
Published in The International Journal of Aerospace Psychology, 2021
Realtime physiological measures were collected with the TEA (Nancy, France) CAPTIV system. The CAPTIV system includes sensors that transmit data to a wireless receiver at pre-specified frequencies, which are automatically synchronized into an analysis dashboard. HR data (collected at 256 Hz) were collected with a wireless sensor attached to a chest strap that each participant wore next to skin. Tskin data (collected at 32 Hz – resolution of.05°C) were collected from a sensor taped to the right upper trapezius. This location for Tskin data collection was selected to reduce the likelihood of signal noise generated by the 5-point seat harness which includes shoulder straps, a lap belt, and crotch strap. GSR data (collected at 32 Hz) were recorded from the distal phalanx of the index and middle finger of the left hand to ensure that the sensors would not interfere with the operation of the cyclic flight control. Respiration rate data (collected at 32 Hz) were recorded with a strap placed around the abdomen that provides percentage of deformation caused by expansion/contraction of the rig cage on a sealed flexible rubber tube (i.e., air pressure variation). All wireless data captured with the CAPTIV system were visually inspected for motion artifacts. In cases where artifacts were identified during the specific test scenarios, the data were not included in the analysis. To ensure that a baseline could be used as a comparison, participants sat quietly in the cockpit for roughly ~5 minutes. During this baseline period, participants were asked to look at specific points on the primary flight display; however, they were asked to remain still and avoid talking.
Understanding data governance requirements in IoT adoption for smart ports – a gap analysis
Published in Maritime Policy & Management, 2022
Jing Gao, Yuhui Sun, Rameez Rameezdeen, Christopher Chow
Data Security: IoT device data security is a serious concern in the port authority. The network infrastructure team refused to transmit the IoT data within the internal network as it requires opening a new port in the internal network firewall: ‘The non-sensitive data can go to the cloud using a public gateway. The IT team can pull data back to their dashboard.’ Thus, the tracking of moving containers and the AGV by the IoT device could not rely on the currently well-established communication network. Such a method may result in delays, high latency, and errors, which causes inaccurate analytics. However, the IoT implementation project team has not been able to convince the network team to establish a secure route internally.