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Optical CDMA Network Architectures and Applications
Published in Paul R. Prucnal, Optical Code Division Multiple Access, 2018
A star network is a general class of interconnectivity among many nodes with a centralized node that broadcasts all network transmissions to all receivers. Each user is assigned a unique address on the network that enables it to distinguish traffic destined for its receiver from the traffic on the rest of the network. The implementation of star networks in the optical domain is particularly attractive for LAN environments and short distance (<10 km) interconnection networks. Star networks can provide transparent, bidirectional, full-duplex communications among many optical nodes. Optical star couplers are simple, passive devices that enable optical traffic from individual input optical fibers to be optically combined and broadcast to many output fibers. By delegating the channel selection to the individual node receivers, a star network can perform the same functions as a cross-bar switch, such as broadcasting and multicasting, without requiring a complex active central switching node [2]. Furthermore, individual nodes can be upgraded gracefully to support new services or higher data rates without replacing the fiber interconnection network. The star network is especially important for applications that require high bandwidth communications among many users, such as a distributed computer interconnect, where each destination node has approximately the same expected network demand. Several classes of star networks relevant for optical CDMA implementations have been proposed and demonstrated, each having their own particular advantages.
Communication Network at a Glance
Published in Vikas Kumar Jha, Bishwajeet Pandey, Ciro Rodriguez Rodriguez, Network Evolution and Applications, 2023
Vikas Kumar Jha, Bishwajeet Pandey, Ciro Rodriguez Rodriguez
Star network topology uses a device centrally connecting all the other nodes individually. This central device is also called as the hub of the network. Two nodes can only communicate through the hub. The network architecture is also sometimes called as the hub-spoke architecture. Figure 1.5 represents a typical star topology diagram.
A Secure IoT Based Wireless Sensor Network Data Aggregation and Dissemination System
Published in Cybernetics and Systems, 2023
Charanjeet Singh, Syed Asif Basha, A. Vinay Bhushan, Mithra Venkatesan, Abhay Chaturvedi, Anurag Shrivastava
There are a number of possible network topologies that can be used by WSNs. They are star network, mesh network and hybrid network. A star network having a solitary central sink node that communicates with and receives data from numerous outlying nodes. Since the central node is totally reliant on the central node for data, it is crucial to be within radio range of the remote nodes. In the mesh network, every node is linked to every other node. It is more dependable than star networks due to its built-in redundancy, which enables multi-hop communication and permits information to reach the destination node via alternative channels in the event that a specific connection is lost in the network. A network that combines the features of mesh and star networks. Powerful nodes are robust and can support several hops, which helps to reduce the power consumption of each node. They can only forward messages and are multi-hop competent. Nodes with low power do not forward messages. This architecture was created using the network protocol ZigBee (Figure 3).
Competitive influence maximisation model with monetary incentive
Published in International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, 2022
In summary, the experiments indicate that Strict MIIS has a higher influence probability than Weak MIIS. Moreover, it is clear that Strict MIIS increases the result of the competitive influence maximisation problem in all topologies. In the case of the star network, the results of the different approaches are close to each other. In the case of considering networks with different densities, the result shows that Strict MIIS has a higher influence probability compared to Weak MIIS. In addition, the higher the density, the more often the player will find an active node in his favour. In a network with a higher density, there are more connections between nodes. Therefore, an activated node has a greater likelihood of propagating its influence across the network. Therefore, there will be a greater level of influence propagation. In comparison to a network where there is a large sigma in the influence distribution formula, the propagation of influence would be greater. The results of scenarios with different influence probability distributions show that when there are more edges with a higher influence probability, the activation probability would be higher. This is even with a small number of seed nodes. Furthermore, it shows that investing in more seed nodes results in a higher probability of activation. When there are enough seed nodes, a different influence distribution does not substantially affect the outcome of the competition.
A comparison of priority rules for minimizing the maximum lateness in tree data gathering networks
Published in Engineering Optimization, 2022
A special case of a tree network is a star network, where m = 1 and . The only intermediate node in such a network is actually the base station, which processes the datasets after receiving them from the worker nodes. For simplicity, in the case of a star network, the notation , , , , will be used instead of , , , , .