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Network Communication
Published in Jerry C. Whitaker, Microelectronics, 2018
IBM’s token ring network architecture, adhering to the IEEE 802.5 standard, utilizes a star physical topology, sequential message delivery, and a token passing access methodology scheme. Since the sequential logical topology is equivalent to passing messages from neighbor to neighbor around a ring, the token ring network architecture is sometimes referred to as: logical ring, physical star. The token ring’s use of the token passing access methodology furnishes one of the key positive attributes of this network architecture. The guarantee of no data collisions with assured data delivery afforded by the token passing access methodology is a key selling point in some environments where immediate, guaranteed delivery is essential.
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Published in Jerry D. Gibson, The Communications Handbook, 2018
Biao Chen, Nicholas Malcolm, Wei Zhao
In order to achieve efficiency, a high-speed network such as an FDDI network requires simple (i.e., low overhead) protocols. In a token ring network, the simplest protocol is the token passing protocol. In this protocol, a node transmits its message whenever it receives the token. After it completes its transmission, the node passes on the token to the next neighboring node. Although it has the least overhead, the token passing protocol cannot bound the time between two consecutive visits of the token to a node (called the token rotation time), which makes it incapable of guaranteeing message delay requirements. The timed token protocol, proposed by Grow [1982], overcomes this problem. This protocol has been
Optical network architectures
Published in John P. Dakin, Robert G. W. Brown, Handbook of Optoelectronics, 2017
MANs have to bring a variety of services to large urban areas, typically at bitrates up to 10 Gbit s–1 per wavelength over distances between nodes of less than 100 km. Major customers to be served are business parks, where customers mainly ask for fast large-volume file transfer, e.g., to interconnect their offices and for storage at safe locations of vital business data (storage area network). As high reliability is required while network costs per customer should be kept limited, the ring network topology is well suited for providing good network protection at moderate costs.
Spatiotemporal traffic forecasting: review and proposed directions
Published in Transport Reviews, 2018
Alireza Ermagun, David Levinson
Two links are parallel if they connect the same pair of nodes.Two links are adjacent if they share a common node.A link is loop if its two nodes are the same.A graph is simple if it has no parallel links or loops.A graph is directed if its links show direction.A graph is connected if at least one link exists between every pair of nodes.A ring network is a closed path where every node has exactly two links incident with it.