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Key Generation
Published in Vinay Rishiwal, Sudeep Tanwar, Rashmi Chaudhry, Blockchain for 6G-Enabled Network-Based Applications, 2023
Surendra Kumar, Narander Kumar
RC2 was introduced in the year 1987 by Rivest. The full form of RC is “Ron’s code,” which is a symmetric key algorithm as well as 64-bit block cipher. Rivest also designs RC6, with a block size of 128 bits and a structure the same as that of RC2. In RC6, multiplication operation is carried out for rotation operation, which is not included in RC2. Bruce Schneier introduced the blowfish algorithm in 1993, which uses a symmetric key block cipher in nature and provides an efficient encryption scheme [11]. The size of the block cipher is 64 bit, and key length ranges from 32 to 448.
Block Ciphers
Published in Alfred J. Menezes, Paul C. van Oorschot, Scott A. Vanstone, Handbook of Applied Cryptography, 2018
Alfred J. Menezes, Paul C. van Oorschot, Scott A. Vanstone
RC2 is a block cipher proprietary to RSA Data Security Inc. (as is the stream cipher RC4). WAKE is a block cipher due to Wheeler [1237] employing a key-dependent table, intended for fast encryption of bulk data on processors with 32-bit words. TEA (Tiny Encryption Algorithm) is a block cipher proposed by Wheeler and Needham [1238].
Symmetric Algorithms II
Published in Khaleel Ahmad, M. N. Doja, Nur Izura Udzir, Manu Pratap Singh, Emerging Security Algorithms and Techniques, 2019
The series of RC algorithms was developed by R. Rivest in addition to MD5 algorithm series. It is widely used in a lot of networking acquiescence because of their optimistic speed and variable key-length capability. There are quite a lot of discrepancies of RC algorithms together with: RC2, RC4, RC5, and RC6.
A Comprehensive Literature of Genetics Cryptographic Algorithms for Data Security in Cloud Computing
Published in Cybernetics and Systems, 2023
Ozgu Can, Fursan Thabit, Asia Othman Aljahdali, Sharaf Al-Homdy, Hoda A. Alkhzaimi
The authors (Elgeldawi, Mahrous, and Sayed 2019) Studied the performance of the most prevalent symmetric cryptographic techniques in a cloud computing environment, including DES, 3DES, Blowfish, Twofish, RC2, RC5, RC6, and AES Comparison research was conducted based on the method structure, encryption and decryption timings, throughput, and memory usage. They also developed a hybrid encryption model to capitalize on each system’s ability to safeguard cloud data. A comparison of IDAs, SHA-512, 3DES, and AES-256 was performed by (Keer, Ali, and Sharma 2016).
Assessing major drivers of runoff water quality using principal component analysis: a case study from a Colombian and a Brazilian catchments
Published in Urban Water Journal, 2022
Talita Fernanda das Graças Silva, Diana Beltrán, Nilo de Oliveira Nascimento, Juan Pablo Rodríguez, Nestor Mancipe-Muñoz
The last four rotated components (RC2, RC7, RC6, and RC4) together explained approximately 32% of the data variance, but mainly in relation to meteorological variables and rain characteristics. Water quality parameters had a small impact on these rotated components.
Theoretical prediction of the mechanistic pathways and kinetics of methylcyclohexane initiated by OH radicals
Published in Molecular Physics, 2018
Saheen Shehnaz Begum, Ramesh Chandra Deka, Nand Kishor Gour
All calculations for the reaction of MCH with OH radical are performed at theory level BHandHLYP/6-311G(d,p) along with CCSD(T)//BHandHLYP/6-311G(d,p). The reaction enthalpies (ΔrH°) and free-energy of reactions (ΔrG°) are tabulated in Table 1. With reference to Table 1, the values of free energy depict that the reaction paths from R1 to R5 are exergonic (ΔrG°< 0), the enthalpy of reaction (ΔrH°) values for H abstraction pathways from R1 to R5 also portray the exothermic nature of each channel, thus making each thermodynamically facile (ΔrG°< 0). The enthalpy of reaction and Gibb's free energy values of reaction for reaction channel R2 are more negative, suggesting that product of reaction channel of all the reaction paths, R2 is thermodynamically more feasible, consequently making the hydrogen abstraction for reaction channel R2 thermodynamically more viable. The rate constant of reaction channel R2 is also expected to be higher and the reaction faster than the other reaction channels (R1, R3, R4, R5). The potential sites for hydrogen abstraction in MCH are four, i.e. the –CH3 (R1), –CH (R2) and –CH2 group (R3–R5); thereby generating five corresponding transition states (TSs) for each H- abstraction reaction of MCH with OH radical. The optimised geometries of all species along with reaction complexes (RC2, RC3 and RC5) and transition states (TS1–TS5) have been obtained at level BHandHLYP/6-311G(d,p) are shown in Figure 1. It should be noted that, for radicals, the value of spin contamination has very little significance for RCs, OH radical and TSs. The value of <S2> is 0.752 for RCs and OH radical, and for TSs, the value of <S2> is 0.764, before annihilation, which is only slightly larger than the expected value of <S2> = 0.750 for doublets. The parameters for structure of reactants (MCH and OH), reaction complexes (RC2, RC3 and RC5), transition states (TS1, TS2, TS3, TS4 and TS5) and products (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and H2O) that are involved in the reactions (R1–R5) are also presented in Figure 1. From the optimised structure of transition states (TS1–TS5), for reaction channels (R1–R5), the percentage elongation of the C–H bond which is disintegrating is observed to be 12.9%, 9.2%, 10.8%, 11.1% and 10.9% from that of the equilibrium length in MCH, while the O‒H bond which is forming in TS1–TS5 is found to be longer by 34.6%, 42.6%, 39.5%, 37.7% and 39.4%, respectively with respect to equilibrium bond length of O‒H bond in H2O. It clearly reflects that, the elongation of bond which is forming (O–H) in TSs is greater than that of the bond (C–H) which is disintegrating. This suggests that the transition states in the reactions (R1–R5) reside near the corresponding reactant. This fact befits with the Hammond's postulate [27] which states that such a reaction is exothermic.