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Network Threats
Published in Nicholas Kolokotronis, Stavros Shiaeles, Cyber-Security Threats, Actors, and Dynamic Mitigation, 2021
Panagiotis Radoglou Grammatikis, Panagiotis Sarigiannidis
A proxy server or just proxy is a hardware or a software component, which is placed between two communication parties in order to monitor and control their communications. Figure 5.26 illustrates how a proxy is utilized. In particular, the role of the proxy is to receive the messages coming either from the client or the server and forward them, respectively. Therefore, the proxy has the capability to capture and control the exchanged network traffic between these parties. If a proxy has not been instantiated by a potential cyber-attacker, then it can enhance the overall security and Quality of Service (QoS) of this interaction. However, on the other hand, since a proxy operates as an intermediary, it can be used for MiTM attacks.
VoIP Telephone Systems in the Studio Environment
Published in Steve Church, Skip Pizzi, Audio Over IP, 2012
Like most things based on IP, SIP was designed to be modular. Implementers can pick and choose among the following elements to build the system they need: SIP clients. Sometimes called user agents or endpoints. These can be hardware phones or “soft phones” (phone applications running on PCs).Gateways. When needed, gateways translate between the IP network side and the switched-circuit telco side, providing physical, electrical, signaling, and audio interface.Proxy server. Receives SIP requests from a client and forwards them on the client's behalf. Basically, a proxy server receives SIP messages and forwards them to the next SIP server in the network. Proxy servers can provide functions such as authentication, authorization, network access control, routing, reliable request retransmission, and security.Redirect server. Provides the client with information about the next hop or hops that a message should take, and then the client contacts the next-hop server or client directly.Registrar server. Processes requests from clients for registration of their current location. Registrar servers are often colocated with a redirect or proxy server.
Broadcast operation centers in transition
Published in Philip J. Cianci, Technology and Workflows for Multiple Channel Content Distribution, 2012
A proxy server acts as an intermediary between a client computer and a network resource. For example, a computer wants to access a Web site. However, the network is configured such that all requests for Internet access must go through a proxy server. Since the Web page does not reside on the proxy, it will forward the request to the Web site. The response will also pass through the proxy server and then be passed on to the requesting computer.
Data-Driven Proxy Modeling of Water Front Propagation in Porous Media
Published in International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics, 2022
Behzad Saberali, Kai Zhang, Naser Golsanami
Various researchers have proposed different smart reservoir proxy models in recent years. These proxy models include two main types, i.e. grid-based proxy models and well-based proxy models. In some previous studies, grid-based and well-based proxy models work interactively in a complete flow modeling package, such as (Temirchev et al. 2020; Bao, Gildin, and Zalavadia 2018; Temirchev et al. 2020; Vida, Shahab, and Mohammad 2019; Shahkarami and Mohaghegh 2020). The mono grid-based proxy models are usually designed to simulate dynamic reservoir properties such as saturation, pressure, and CO2 mole fraction. Some of these models, such as (Tang, Liu, and Durlofsky 2020; Shahkarami et al. 2015; Talebi et al. 2014; Alenezi and Mohaghegh 2017; Amini and Mohaghegh 2019), have successfully simulated the dynamics of the grid’s behavior. Some other studies introduced mono well-based proxy models for simulating well rates, such as (Mohaghegh et al. 2015; Kim et al. 2019; Navrátil et al. 2019; Navratil et al. 2020).