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Spreadsheets
Published in Paul W. Ross, The Handbook of Software for Engineers and Scientists, 2018
Byrkett Donald L., Jaworski Roberta
Formulas are entered in cells just like labels and numbers. Formulas should begin with an operator (such as a plus sign) or a parenthesis so that they can be distinguished from labels. When entering a formula, the mode indicator should change from Ready to Value. Formulas use + for addition, - for substraction, * for multiplication, / for division, and ^ for exponentiation. Parenthesis can be used to ensure the correct order of operations. The distances traveled by the projectile (Fig. 26.5) all require formulas. These formulas require the use of a function to perform the sine and consine calculations.
Using math magic to reinforce algebraic concepts: an exploratory study
Published in International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2019
Ten students (43%) used a variable but did not have a correct expression. Two of them updated their expression as they added the operation in each step (e.g. S3 in Figure 8). Some work contained conceptual errors such as using a specific number instead of the variable. For example, S3 added 5 instead of x (see Figure 8); she was probably using 5 for her secret number. Another conceptual error is ignoring the step order. For example, one student simply cancelled add12 with subtract12, cancelled add-your-best-friend-number with subtract-your-best-friend-number, and ended up with ½x + 21; such an error may be an indication of lack of understanding of the precedence of multiplication over addition in the order of operations. Some work had procedural errors. For example, one student wrote . Another student wrote ; she was probably careless with the divide-by-2 operation, without realizing that is not equal to . One student misinterpreted a step; she added x instead of 12 for the first step and wrote .
Combining diagnostic testing and student mentorship to increase engagement and progression of first-year computer science students
Published in European Journal of Engineering Education, 2022
G. Knight, N. Powell, G. Woods
The diagnostic test consisted of ten questions, randomised in order to limit collusion, taking 20 min to complete. The test addressed topics that were having pre-requisite knowledge for first-year CS mathematics such as order of operations, expanding brackets, substitution, calculating the lowest common multiple, percentages, ratios, simultaneous equations, indices, Pythagoras, and solving quadratic equations module.
Community logistics: a dynamic strategy for facilitating immediate parcel delivery to smart lockers
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2023
Eric K.H. Leung, Zhiyuan Ouyang, George Q. Huang
In our approach, the dynamically arriving customer requests are allocated to delivery communities, which are formulated by minimising intra-travelling distances within the community. Thus, delivery requests with high spatial proximity are more likely to be served first, as a community will be formed with sufficient requests nearby. Similar to Voccia, Campbell, and Thomas (2019), our CLS allows delay of vehicle departure, so as to maximise the capacity utilisation of a vehicle. Instead of integrating new transportation means such as autonomous vehicles and drones, we consider the e-commerce parcel locker immediate delivery problem on the operational planning level, which involves deciding when vehicles are dispatched. When delivery dispatching decisions are concerned, the respective delivery models presented in the literature fall into the vehicle dispatching problem variant. van Heeswijk, Mes, and Schutten (2019) address the dispatching problem faced by an urban consolidation centre by defining it as a Markov decision model. Wang et al. (2022) consider the urban delivery dispatching problem from a workload balancing perspective. They introduce a multi-period workload balancing problem under stochastic demand and dynamic daily dispatching and formulate it as a Markov decision model. Lan et al. (2020) develop a two-echelon city dispatching model that comprises distribution centres located in suburbs and fixed satellites located in urban areas for distribution. A cluster-based variable neighbourhood search scheduling algorithm is proposed to determine the locations of mobile satellites and dispatching routes of trucks and tricycles. In addition to optimisation models for solving the complex urban delivery and dispatching problems, models contributing to the design of urban delivery systems, such as fleet sizing and service region partitioning (Banerjee, Erera, and Toriello 2022; Stroh, Erera, and Toriello 2021), determine an order cut-off time and combine SDD and overnight order delivery operations (Stroh, Erera, and Toriello 2021), can be found.