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Intellectual Property
Published in G. K. Awari, Sarvesh V. Warjurkar, Ethics in Information Technology, 2022
G. K. Awari, Sarvesh V. Warjurkar
Open-source software is defined as software with publicly available source codes that can be accessed, modified, and redistributed by anyone. Closed source software source codes, on the other hand, are either not disclosed to the public or are only disclosed under strict confidentiality conditions. Open-source software helps to offer a robust and useful resource for developers and technology firms because it is publicly distributed and actively reviewed by the public. From the Google Chrome interface and Netflix’s online television channels, all of the technological tools we use are based on open-source technologies. Established technology firms such as Microsoft and IBM have already made significant investments in open-source developers, implying that many more open-source projects will be deployed in the future.
Seeing through digital image-making technology
Published in Linda Matthews, Design Strategies for Reimagining the City, 2022
The source code of open-source software is free to users and developers alike. Its associated collaborative communities offer development support and mean that future enhancements are not dependent on the decisions of a single organisation. Open-source code enables colour's release from some of the constraining aspects of proprietary software. Many open-source software programs avail themselves of the open-source GNU/Linux code to avoid the numerous image ‘enhancement’ decisions embedded within it. For example, GIMP45 is a freely distributed expandable and extendable program that allows the user to undertake image manipulation at all levels of complexity, including photo retouching, image composition and image authoring. Others, such as Color Blender46 and Pipette,47 operate exclusively to override any default hardware colour choices, allowing the user to access the image's internal colour geometries, thus controlling the predictive assemblies of multiple colour palettes.
What Is Open Source Innovation?
Published in Cornelius Herstatt, Daniel Ehls, Open Source Innovation – The Phenomenon, Participant's Behavior, Business Implications, 2015
Daniel Ehls, Cornelius Herstatt
Open source commenced in the digital world, more precisely with open source software. Open source software is defined as “software where users can inspect the source code, modify it, and redistribute modified or unmodified versions for others to use” (Krogh et al. 2012). These characteristics—seeing software as digital goods—can and have been applied to further digital products, such as medical textbooks (OpenAnesthesia) or geographical maps (open street maps). The application of open source principles to non-software digital products is termed ‘open content’ (Pfaffenberger 2001). In fact, David Wiley in 1998 applied a General Public License (GPL) to educational material: OpenContent.org is now online. OpenContent is an attempt to take Content where GNU/FSF has taken Software. A preliminary version of the OpenContent Principles/License (OP/L) is available for comment and immediate use. Contributors to the cause include none other than rms and Eric S. Raymond. If Slashdot readers have “educational” content they’d like to make freely available for others to use in its entirety (like HOW-TO docs, etc.) while still maintaining ownership and some assurance of proper recognition, they should check it out.(Wiley 1998, Slashdot message)
Data Science with Semantic Technologies: Application to Information Systems Development
Published in Journal of Computer Information Systems, 2023
Data science deals with manipulating, extracting, pre-processing, and generating predictions out of data; it therefore requires a plethora of statistical essential data science tools and programming languages to achieve that goal. Several tools are nowadays available. They may be either commercial (proprietary) or open source. Proprietary software refers to the software which is solely owned by the individual or publisher who developed it in order to profit from it, and hence copyrighted; while open-source software refers to software whose source code is made available for anybody to access, use and modify, distributed under an open-source license.91 Open-source software does not mean that it is free as fees may be collected regarding accompanying services.
Open manufacturing: a design-for-resilience approach
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2020
Though similar in name, the development of open source software (OSS) does not have much in common with open manufacturing, yet some concepts could be shared across the two domains. Open source software projects (e.g. Apache, Linux, MySQL, R, Perl, and Open Office) have been developed by volunteers (Fang and Neufeld 2009). The very fact that they embody views of a large community, make them attractive and widely used. This has been confirmed by Dong, Wu, and Zhang (2019) in the analysis of relationship between the release speed of open source software and the number of downloads.
Open Source in Development: Enabling Business and Services
Published in Information Systems Management, 2020
Georg J. P. Link, Jolanta Kowal, Sajda Qureshi
Several characteristics of open source software make it amenable to support services: open source software is a technology that allows entrepreneurs to innovate very quickly, use existing solutions, and build an agile and scalable business (Castelluccio, 2008). Open source software is marked by license terms that allow anyone to use the software for any purpose, share the software freely, make changes to the software, and share those changes while still allowing businesses to make money with it (Kelty, 2008).