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Situation Awareness
Published in Sarika Jain, Understanding Semantics-Based Decision Support, 2021
These natural-language queries present a clear, concise, and accurate view of potential events and discuss a general concept of operations for response. Dynamic combo boxes have been used in this interface. Presuming that the ontology will grow and include as much information as possible that is unique to response actions, updated information will be displayed in the combo box. The updated ontology information will also be reflected in the output of standard queries. Our system provides real-time information due to its non-monotonic nature. Non-monotonicity is required for the open-world assumption, because if information is updated, then output should be displayed according to the updated information. With the help of knowledge analytics, the resource manager also provides all updated resources. For example: Suppose the total number of types of missile used to date by the Indian Army is ten. If, in the future, India—alone or with the collaboration of another country—develops a new missile, then the newly developed missile will be stored in the ontology either manually or automatically, along with how it works.
Ontology-based model-driven design of distributed control applications in manufacturing systems
Published in Journal of Engineering Design, 2019
Yue Cao, Yusheng Liu, Hongwei Wang, Jianjun Zhao, Xiaoping Ye
Special attention needs to be paid to tool parts and control systems. Intuitively, tool parts have physical ports exclusively whereas control systems only have data ports. However, because of the open world assumption (OWA) adopted by semantic web technologies (statements may be true as long as they are not known to be false), for blocks without declaring any data/physical ports, a reasoner cannot determine that they do not have data/physical ports. To this end, SubClass instead of EquivalentClass axioms is used to identify the subset of individuals belonging to the two classes, e.g. blocks whose inputs and outputs are all physical ports are tool parts. For instances with only inputs or outputs, programmes based on semantic web APIs should be implemented to identify them.