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A Windows program for incorporating slope design in open pit optimisation
Published in Heping Xie, Yuehan Wang, Yaodong Jiang, Computer Applications in the Mineral Industries, 2020
P.A. Dowd, R. Khalokakaie, R.J. Fowell
The software was written in C++ using the Borland Object Window Library (OWL) and is a 32-bit Windows program that can be implemented under a 32-bit Windows operating system such as Windows 95, Windows NT or Windows 98. The package comprises an integrated slope design facility and open pit optimiser. The open pit optimiser is based on the Lerchs-Grossman algorithm (Lerchs-Grossman, 1965; Dowd, 1994) generalised to include multiple variable slopes (Khalokakaie et al, 2000a). The main menu is displayed in Figure 4 and shows the available options that can be used to activate operations. These options are File, Slope, Run, Graphical Display, Numerical Display, Tools and Help.
Semantic Interoperability of Long-Tail Geoscience Resources over the Web
Published in Ashok N. Srivastava, Ramakrishna Nemani, Karsten Steinhaeuser, Large-Scale Machine Learning in the Earth Sciences, 2017
Mostafa M. Elag, Praveen Kumar, Luigi Marini, Scott D. Peckham, Rui Liu
The graph-oriented nature of RDF also helps in building framework-based knowledge representation and ontologies. The Web Ontology Language (OWL) [32,33] and RDF Schema (RDFS) are two knowledge-base representations built on RDF that provide basic ways to define ontologies used to structure RDF graphs. They provide a mechanism for defining internal relationships between properties and concepts [34] and allow the creation of engines for reasoning for RDF data. They are machine-readable languages that were designed to process information on the Web instead of just representing information for human use [35]. RDFS extends the RDF approach for representing data by introducing means to model classes, properties, and hierarchies of classes and properties [35]. RDFS is considered to be a lightweight ontology language that can be used for creating taxonomies [35]. RDFS provides vocabularies to describe relationships between classes, relationships between properties, and relationships between classes and properties. However, it does not provide a mechanism for defining internal relationships between properties and concepts (e.g., explicit cardinalities in properties relationships and union in classes) [34]. OWL is the standard language for representing knowledge on the Web. It is a machine-readable language that was designed to process information on the Web instead of just representing information to human users [35]. OWL can be used to express more sophisticated relationships between terms, compared to RDFS. OWL can explicitly represent the meaning of terms in vocabularies and relationships. OWL is recommended by the W3C as an ontology language. It is XML-based, applies RDF syntax, and is compatible with most querying languages [22,32,34].
Ontologies for Knowledge Representation
Published in Archana Patel, Narayan C. Debnath, Bharat Bhushan, Semantic Web Technologies, 2023
Ontology vocabulary: The complex relationships among web resources are expanded and represented by Ontology expressions. OWL (Web Ontology Language) is mainly designed for those applications which process the information content rather than just present information. This language supports great machine interpretability than compared to XML, RDF, and RDFS.
Transformation of UML class diagram into OWL Ontology
Published in Journal of Information and Telecommunication, 2020
Minh Hoang Lien Vo, Quang Hoang
In recent years, the ontology has become a common term in many various aspects of computer science, promising to support a shared and common understanding of a specific knowledge domain that can be communicated between people and computerbased systems, as well as help computer understanding and processing information more efficiently. Basically, the ontology provides vocabulary to describe data with semantics that computers can understand. There is a range of different languages designed to perform ontology for semantic web. Outstandingly, RDFS and OWL are the two most basic languages which are used commonly. OWL is considered as an extension of RDFS to overcome the disadvantages of RDFS. Currently, OWL is being considered as the standard language for representing ontology for semantic web. OWL is a language describing the classes, attributes and relationships between objects in a way that machines can understand. OWL1 is classified into three different types with the ability to perform incremental semantics: OWL Lite provides classes, hierarchy attributes and simple constraints. OWL DL increases expressiveness and yet retains decidability of the classification problem, which is expected to improve reasoning efficiency. OWL DL includes all OWL language constructs, but under certain restrictions. OWL Full is an entire language with no restriction; however, the disadvantage of this language is undecidable.
Relationship between UAVs and Ambient objects with threat situational awareness through grid map-based ontology reasoning
Published in International Journal of Computers and Applications, 2022
Myung-Joong Jeon, Hyun-Kyu Park, Batselem Jagvaral, Hyung-Sik Yoon, Yun-Geun Kim, Young-Tack Park
Ontology-based languages must have well-defined semantics and be able to implement a given application. Thus, a more appropriate knowledge expression method is description logics (DL). Based on this, DLs were implemented by the development of OIL and DAML + OIL2 languages initially, and now by the development of OWL3 and OWL2.4 The ontology web language (OWL) is an official ontology language recommended by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).5 OWL can be subdivided into OWL-Lite, OWL-DL, and OWL-Full, based on their expression ability.6