China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Small but Mighty: Smalltalk
Published in Paul W. Ross, The Handbook of Software for Engineers and Scientists, 2018
Just as variables are grouped into either class or instance variables, methods are also grouped. Class methods allow for the creation of new instances of a class. Instance variables allow operations to be performed on a specific instance of a class. Class methods may also be used in setting up linkage between events and various components.
On Runge approximation and Lipschitz stability for a finite-dimensional Schrödinger inverse problem
Published in Applicable Analysis, 2022
In this note we reprove the Lipschitz stability for the inverse problem for the Schrödinger operator with a piecewise linear potential q satisfying a suitable spectral condition (see (15) and Remark 2.5). This had previously been derived in [1] by means of singular solutions and quantitative unique continuation estimates. In our version of the Lipschitz stability proof, we split the stability problem into two clearly separated steps: A boundary recovery result for which we rely on the argument from [1]. This a typical initial step when proving stability for inverse boundary value problem (see for instance [2–4]).A quantitative Runge approximation result for which we rely on a slight variant of the argument from [5] adapted to the present geometry. This and related quantitative Runge approximation results hold for very general operators (involving for instance variable coefficients and lower order drift terms). Provided that boundary recovery results are available for these operators (which would allow to apply step (i)), it is thus possible to carry out our strategy of deducing Lipschitz estimates also for more general operators.
Measuring the impacts of connected vehicles on travel time reliability in a work zone environment: an agent-based approach
Published in Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2020
Harith Abdulsattar, Alireza Mostafizi, Mohammad R. K. Siam, Haizhong Wang
Real-time traffic information systems, for instance, variable message signs (VMS), are considered as an efficient method to convey messages to drivers with traffic information and upcoming incidents. This method could be embedded in autonomous/CVs (Genders & Razavi, 2015) where CVs provide continuous real-time information source about their speed and location to estimate the traffic conditions at random locations Grumert and Tapani (2018). To test the ability of VMS of enhancing net- work performance, Lin, Kang, and Chang (2004) developed an on-line algorithm for variable speed limits to control highway work zones throughput and minimizing the vehicle delays. The developed algorithm showed their effectiveness on improving the traffic throughput and reducing total traffic delays.
Modelling the severity of pedestrian injury in pedestrian—vehicle crashes in North Carolina: A partial proportional odds logit model approach
Published in Journal of Transportation Safety & Security, 2020
The MNL model developed for predicting the pedestrian crash severity level of pedestrian–vehicle crashes is presented in Table 2. Because no/possible injury crashes are set to be the base group, there is no model for this group. Positive (negative) sign of the coefficient implies that the associated variable will increase (decrease) the probability of occurrence of crashes with the injury severity level versus the base. For instance, variable PdeSex has a positive coefficient for the fatal injury level, which indicates that male pedestrians involving pedestrian–vehicle crashes will increase the probability of resulting fatal injury compared to no/possible injury. On the contrary, crashes during the daytime under sufficient daylight condition (i.e., variable daylight) will result in a lower chance of being fatally injured than no/possible injury for pedestrians. Due to the ease of such straightforward interpretations, explanations of other variables and their associated parameters will not be repeated here. However, it is notable that, other than alcohol usage (i.e., variable crashalcoh), no driver related characteristics are captured by the MNL model. Compared to the ML and PPO models, it reveals that crashes occurred during raining days (i.e., variable rain) will reduce the chance of being fatally injured for pedestrians. The possible reason behind this phenomenon could be the cautious driving of the drivers.