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Reconnaissance
Published in Nicholas Kolokotronis, Stavros Shiaeles, Cyber-Security Threats, Actors, and Dynamic Mitigation, 2021
Christos-Minas Mathas, Costas Vassilakis
Arachni36 is an open-source web vulnerability scanning framework written in Ruby, specialized to test web servers, web services, and web applications, examining the presence of software-related vulnerabilities as well as vulnerabilities owing to misconfigurations. It can also perform OS vulnerability testing, tests on (commonly used in web applications) scripting languages (e.g. PHP, ASP, Python, Ruby, as well as Java) and tests on web frameworks (e.g. Rack, Rails, Django, etc.). For each identified vulnerability numerous details are given, including a severity level. Arachni encompasses the implementation of a web browser environment, which supports standard web technologies (e.g. HTML5, JavaScript, AJAX), and also supports the manipulation of the Document Object Model (DOM) and can simulate different browsing environment (e.g. by changing the user agent or the viewport). Arachni can tailor its vulnerability tests, referred to as checks, to the specific web application being tested and can train itself to follow and test new input vectors, allowing the assessment of complex web applications/pages. User-contributed vulnerability checks can be used to complement the built-in ones.
Hybrid Brain–Computer Interfaces and Their Applications
Published in Chang S. Nam, Anton Nijholt, Fabien Lotte, Brain–Computer Interfaces Handbook, 2018
Based on the BCI mouse, several computer applications, including a BCI-based Internet browser (Yu et al. 2012), a BCI-based mail client (Yu et al. 2013), and a BCI-based file explorer, were implemented. In Yu et al. (2012), the authors proposed a BCI mouse-based web browser, in which common navigation functions are available, including traversing forward or backward through browsing history, selecting hyperlinks, scrolling through pages, and inputting text. Moreover, Yu et al. (2013) also proposed a hybrid BCI–based mail client that implemented electronic mail communication. Using this BCI mail client, the users are able to receive, read, write, and attach files to e-mails. Bai et al. (2015) proposed a hybrid BCI combining P300 and MI to operate an explorer. Using this system, users can access a computer and manipulate (open, close, copy, paste, and delete) files, such as documents, pictures, music, movies, and so on.
Video Modeling and Retrieval
Published in Ling Guan, Yifeng He, Sun-Yuan Kung, Multimedia Image and Video Processing, 2012
Zheng-Jun Zha, Jin Yuan, Yan-Tao Zheng, Tat-Seng Chua
IBM Multi-Query Interactive Retrieval System: The interactive retrieval system developed by IBM [72] emphasizes on optimizing the retrieval performance on multiple query topics. The system classifies user annotation into two types: tagging and browsing. Tagging refers to users annotating images with a chosen set of keywords from a vocabulary, while browsing means users browsing returned videos to annotate their relevance to the given keywords. The proposed system allows users to switch between tagging and browsing interface in a learning-based hybrid approach, so as to maximize user labeling efficiency. Specifically, two formal annotation models are used to track and estimate the retrieval time for each method. Based on these two models, the retrieval system exploits the tagging-based and browsing-based methods adaptively to minimize the overall retrieval time.
Performance Evaluation of the MapReduce-based Parallel Data Preprocessing Algorithm in Web Usage Mining with Robot Detection Approaches
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2022
Mitali Srivastava, Atul Kumar Srivastava, Rakhi Garg, P. K. Mishra
An ECLF entry can be defined as , where , contains authentication of user, denotes login name of the user, represents the time of request, i.e. Timestamp, signifies the mode of request, i.e. HTTP_access_method, denotes the version of HTTP, denotes HTTP_status_code, and denotes the size of requested Web resource, i.e. Page_size. The ,, and are customized attributes. The is a Referrer_url from where Web resource is requested. The , i.e. User_agent contains information regarding browser version and operating system of the user. The Web server sends Cookies to user to store information regarding particular user so that it can be identified in further browsing sessions.