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Quality management systems
Published in Stephen Battersby, Clay's Handbook of Environmental Health, 2023
The ISO 9000 series of quality management systems (QMS) is a set of standards that helps organisations ensure they meet customer, client and other stakeholder needs within statutory and regulatory requirements related to a product or service. The standards provide guidance and tools for companies and organisations who want to ensure that their products and services consistently meet customer’s requirements, and that quality is consistently improved. The ISO 9000 family addresses various aspects of quality management and contains some of the best-known standards of the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO). ISO is an independent, non-governmental international (global) organisation with a membership of 164 national standards bodies including the British Standards Institution (BSI) and has its secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland. Its members (or member bodies) have a say in the development of ISO standards and strategy by participating and voting in ISO technical and policy meetings.
The role of the engineer
Published in Mike Tooley, Engineering A Level, 2006
BSI is globally recognised as an independent and impartial body serving both the private and public sectors, working with manufacturing and service industries, businesses and governments to facilitate the production of British, European and International Standards.
Displacement damage effects induced by fast neutron in backside-illuminated CMOS image sensors
Published in Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 2020
Xiang Zhang, Yudong Li, Lin Wen, Jie Feng, Dong Zhou, Yulong Cai, Bingkai Liu, Jing Fu, Qi Guo
Dark current is one of the most crucial parameters for CISs. The mean dark current of Sensor A and Sensor B against the neutron fluences tested at 15°C are shown in Figure 2. The annealing results tested at 23°C and the discrepancy between the dark current of Sensor A and Sensor B are shown in Figure 3. The mean dark current linearly increased with the neutron fluences and decreased with the progress of the annealing process. By analyzing the structure of BSI CISs, the origins of dark current could be ascribed to the following aspects: 1) generation current from the interface between PMD and PPD; 2) generation current from the interface states on the surface of vicinity of STI around the depletion region; 3) generation current in the depletion region; 4) diffusion current induced by bulk defects outside the depletion region; 5) generation current from the overlap of transfer gate (TG) and PPD where a high electric field exists [7]; 6) diffusion current generated from the backside passivation layer which is a novel dark current origin compared with FSI.