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Published in Phillip A. Laplante, Dictionary of Computer Science, Engineering, and Technology, 2017
Algol acronym for algorithmic language, a family of languages starting with Algol-58 (1958), Algol-60 (the best-known member of the family, 1960), and Algol-68 (1968). Historically important because Algol-60 is the prototype for most modern language designs, including SIMULA, Pascal, Ada, C, and C++.
Algorithms in Static, Dynamic, Linear, and Non-Linear Finite Element Analyses
Published in Jie Shen, Radhey Lal Kushwaha, Soil-Machine Interactions, 2017
To express algorithms, there are four basic ways as follows: Narrative descriptionAn algorithm is simply outlined orally.FlowchartAn algorithm is outlined in a pictorial format.Programming languageAn algorithm is expressed in a programming language such as Pascal or C. The algorithm in such a form is actually capable of being processed by a compiler. The first programming language used as an acceptable means of communicating algorithms was ALGOL 60 (Sebestra, 1989). Since the early 1960s, it remained the sole language for publishing algorithms for over 20 years.Algorithmic notationAn algorithm is defined by an algorithmic language. Horowitz and Sahani (1978) introduced one type of algorithmic language, SPARK, which includes all basic data structures and statements such as assignment, condition control and loop control. It is close to Pascal or C, and an algorithm written in SPARC can be transformed into one written in an programming language through a translator. The purpose of developing SPARC is for the situation where some persons dislike a particular programming language, while some others disfavor another programming language.Tremblay and Bunt (1979) viewed an algorithmic language as a combination of the expressiveness and intuitiveness of natural language with the logical precision of schemes such as the flowchart. They used the pseudocode, a mixture of prose and Pascal code, to describe an algorithm.Considering most people in the field of engineering are familiar with Fortran, a mixture of prose and Fortran keywords for condition and loop controls, is used to express algorithms in this book. All Fortran keywords will appear in boldface, and a number followed by a colon at the beginning of each step is used as a label for that step.
Personal reflections … on over 50 years in computer simulation
Published in International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, 2020
The graduate course in systems programming uses the IBM Project Stretch that produces the IBM 7030 [2]. Central to the course is an in-depth study of ALGOL 60; and, typical of the immaturity of software technology, the final assignment begins with ‘Programming around all the known and unknown errors in the ALCOR compiler, do the following … .’ My appreciation of the importance of ALGOL 60 increases significantly over time; the history of its creation is a fascinating read even today [3,4].