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Smartphone Crowd Computing: A Rational Approach for Sustainable Computing by Curbing the Environmental Externalities of the Growing Computing Demands
Published in Rik Das, Mahua Banerjee, Sourav De, Emerging Trends in Disruptive Technology Management for Sustainable Development, 2019
Pijush Kanti Dutta Pramanik, Saurabh Pal, Prasenjit Choudhury
Hardware components in a computer consume a huge amount of energy even when they are not in use (but kept on). For sustainable computing, it is absolutely necessary that the computer conserves energy. The criteria of power management for devices like CPU, GPU, and computer peripherals, e.g., monitor, printer, etc., is that they are able to manage the power efficiently by turning off or switching to a low-power state when non-active. Several efficient power management techniques available that make computers (Chedid and Yu 2002), HPC systems (Liu and Zhu 2010), data centres (Mittal 2014), and mobile devices (Goyal 2011) (Abdelmotalib and Wu 2012) (Shah, Chaudhary and Agrawal 2017) energy-efficient. For efficient power management, the computer hardware devices abide the Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI), an open standard, which allows the operating system to control and manage the device power directly, and hence when not required are set to off. CPU generally consumes high power with an increase in job processing and also causes heating, and thus extra power is required for cooling.
Power Management
Published in Nihal Kularatna, DC Power Supplies Power Management and Surge Protection for Power Electronic Systems, 2018
The ACPI specification provides a platform-independent, industry-standard approach to operating system-based power management. The ACPI is the key constituent in operating system power management (OSPM). OSPM and ACPI apply to all classes of computers, including handheld, notebook, desktop, and server machines. In ACPI-enabled systems, the basic input/output system (BIOS), hardware, and power architecture must use a standard approach that enables the operating system to manage the entire system in all operational situations. From a computer power system designer’s viewpoint, ACPI power management means generating and managing a multitude of voltages on the motherboard and riser cards with no user intervention to enable the processing of audio, video, and data streams. ACPI-compliant computers require the generation of these multiple voltages at various current ratings as the system transitions between sleep states. The ACPI defines six possible discrete system operating states, which are referred to as S0 to S5, in order of highest to lowest power consumption. For more details on the ACPI and ACPI power controllers, see Kolinski et al. [35] and Lakkas and Duduman [36].
Design of DC Power Supply and Power Management
Published in Nihal Kularatna, Electronic Circuit Design, 2017
The ACPI specification provides a platform-independent, industry-standard approach to operating system–based power management. The ACPI is the key constituent in operating system power management (OSPM). OSPM and ACPI apply to all classes of computers, including handheld, notebook, desktop, and server machines. In ACPI-enabled systems, the basic input/ output system (BIOS), hardware, and power architecture must use a standard approach that enables the operating system to manage the entire system in all operational situations. From a computer power system designer’s viewpoint, ACPI power management means generating and managing a multitude of voltages on the motherboard and riser cards with no user intervention to enable the processing of audio, video, and data streams. ACPI-compliant computers require the generation of these multiple voltages at various current ratings as the system transitions between sleep states. The ACPI defines six possible discrete system operating states, which are referred to as S0 to S5, in order of highest to lowest power consumption. For more details on the ACPI and ACPI power controllers, see Kolinski et al. [34] and Lakkas and Duduman [35].
Performance evaluation of windows virtual machines on a Linux host
Published in Automatika, 2020
Josip Balen, Krešimir Vdovjak, Goran Martinović
VirtualBox [15] is a powerful cross-platform virtualization application. Developed initially by Innotek GmbH and currently owned by Oracle. VirtualBox runs on existing Intel or AMD-based computer systems whether they are running Windows, Linux, Macintosh or Solaris hosts. It also supports a large number of guest operating systems including Windows (NT 4.0, 2000, XP, Server 2003, Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10), DOS/Windows 3.x, Linux (2.4, 2.6, 3.x and 4.x), Solaris and OpenSolaris, OS/2, and OpenBSD. VirtualBox is being actively developed with frequent releases and has a huge list of features, supported guest operating systems and platforms it runs on. Here are some of VirtualBox main features: Portability – VirtualBox runs on a large number of 32-bit and 64-bit host operating systems,No hardware virtualization required – VirtualBox does not require processor features built into newer hardware like Intel VT-x or AMD-v so it can be used even on older hardware,Guest additions – software packages which can be installed inside of supported guest systems to improve their performance and to provide additional integration and communication with the host system,Great hardware support – guest multiprocessing, USB device support, full ACPI support, multiscreen resolutions, built-in iSCSI support and PXE network boot,Virtual machine groups – a feature that enables users to organize and control virtual machines collectively, as well as individually,Remote machine display – VirtualBox Remote Desktop Extension allows a high-performance remote access to any running virtual machine.