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Emerging applications
Published in Malcolm D. Bolton, Akio Kitamura, Osamu Kusakabe, Masaaki Terashi, New Horizons in Piling, 2021
Malcolm D. Bolton, Akio Kitamura, Osamu Kusakabe, Masaaki Terashi
A quay or wharf is a structure for berthing ships and cargo handling. Sufficient land space should be acquired behind the quay for locating functions necessary for maritime transport including temporary storage yard, warehouses, and access to road and/or railway. Shore line protection of these land space is called revetment or sea wall. Quay walls and revetments have been improved by various purposes such as deepening of harbor to accommodate larger ships, reinforcing to increase earthquake resistance, and restoring from aging or damages. The walk-on-pile-type press-in piling is gradually becoming popular in such improvement works.
Replaceable superstructure system in open-type wharf for reliable maintenance of port concrete structures
Published in Hiroshi Yokota, Dan M. Frangopol, Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations, 2021
E. Kato, Y. Kawabata, T. Takahashi, Y. Izumida, E. Ooi, K. Kanemaru, K. Miyamaru, M. Iwanami, H. Yokota
The concrete superstructures of open-type wharf are typically exposed to severely corrosive environments, so appropriate maintenance is needed to ensure the durability and safety of the wharves. However, such maintenance work is very inefficient because of the narrow clearance under the superstructure. Moreover, the working time allocated for maintenance is severely limited, owing to interference from cargo handling operations.
Annotated Dictionary of Construction Safety and Health
Published in Charles D. Reese, James V. Edison, Annotated Dictionary of Construction Safety and Health, 2018
Charles D. Reese, James V. Edison
Unless workers can step safely to or from the wharf, float, barge, or river towboat, either a ramp or a safe walkway must be provided. Jacob’s ladders are of the double rung or flat tread type. They should be well maintained and properly secured. A Jacob’s ladder either hangs without slack from its lashings, or is to be pulled up entirely.
Life-cycle cost analysis of pile-supported wharves under multi-hazard condition: aging and shaking
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2023
Hamid Mirzaeefard, Masoud Mirtaheri, Mohammad Amin Hariri-Ardebili
The initial cost of construction, CC, is taken as the summation of the construction costs of the pile-supported wharf components such as deck and piles. In this study unit cost of deck and piles are calculated per [m2] and [m], respectively. For this purpose, first the unit cost of steel and concrete works are extracted from Caltrans contract cost data (Caltrans, 2021). Caltrans suggest $3.04/[kg] reinforcement, 10/[kg] prestressed strands and 1390/[m3] concrete in average in 2020. After calculating quantities of the materials, the cost of deck per [m2] and pile per [m] are obtained $1040 and $625, respectively. The case study pile-supported wharf has 10,919 [m2] deck and 526 piles (each pile is 42 m long). By multiplying cost of deck and piles to their unit cost, the total initial cost of pile-supported wharf is calculated to be $25,800,000. A typical modern container jumbo crane which is representative of the class of cranes ranging from large Post-Panamax up to moderate Super Post-Panamax is considered that generally represent the array of cranes used in US west-coast container ports. The initial construction cost of crane is assumed to be $7,000,000 (Burden et al., 2016). Moreover, it is assumed that there are three cranes in the wharf, so the total initial cost of the cranes will be $21,000,000.
Efficient Uncertainty Quantification of Wharf Structures under Seismic Scenarios Using Gaussian Process Surrogate Model
Published in Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 2021
Lei Su, Hua-Ping Wan, You Dong, Dan M. Frangopol, Xian-Zhang Ling
Pile-supported wharf are structures located on the shore of a harbor or on the bank of a river and canal, where ships may dock to load and unload cargo or travelers. A wharf structure is essential to a port transportation system and plays an important role in protecting capital investments and promoting the regional and national prosperity. Typically, a wharf structure includes one or more berths, and may also include pile foundation, deck, and other necessary facilities for handling the container. A pile-supported wharf structure (PSWS) is susceptible to severe damage during strong earthquakes, as the seismic-induced sand liquefaction and lateral deformation of the offshore slope would usually result in excessive axial force and bending moment around the pile-deck connection [Na et al., 2008; Mylonakis et al., 2006]. The seismic damage to PSWS has been reported in many recent seismic cases [Werner et al., 1997; Chung, 1996; Green et al., 2011], such as the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake [Chung, 1996] and the 2010 Haiti earthquake [Green et al., 2011]. To mitigate the seismic-induced damage of a PSWS, it is crucial to understand and predict its seismic performance during earthquakes.
A systematic simulation methodology for LNG ship operations in port waters: a case study in Meizhou Bay
Published in Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, 2018
Li-jia Chen, Xin-ping Yan, Li-wen Huang, Zai-li Yang, Jin Wang
When the ship is berthing, the influence on the ship's manoeuvrability caused by currents and winds, the size of the turning area at the wharf apron, the available water depth, etc. should be considered. When the ship is leaving the berth, the influence on the ship's manoeuvrability in ballast caused by the increased wind area and the available water areas in the terminal from upstream to downstream should all be considered.